臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近代的俄國音樂家中，梅特納是一個幾乎被現代所遺忘的音樂家。他出生於俄國，在莫斯科音樂院接受音樂教育，開始全面性地在鋼琴與作曲上作深入的學習與研究。畢業時，以莫斯科音樂院鋼琴組的最高榮譽「金牌獎」的資格畢業。身為鋼琴家與作曲家，他的音樂創作皆與鋼琴有關，包含了鋼琴協奏曲、鋼琴奏鳴曲、鋼琴小曲、聲樂曲以及室內樂，尤其以一連串的鋼琴曲〈童話〉（Skazka; Fairy tales）最富個人特色。在樂曲的寫作上，他是個極度遵循古典精神的作曲家，使用傳統的曲式，一生崇拜貝多芬（Ludwig van Beethoven, 1770-1827），因而對樂曲結構的重視性有著嚴謹的要求。他的音樂風格不若當時的多數作曲家所追求的國民樂派風，更與當時所盛行的現代主義是格格不入的。與他處於同時期的拉赫曼尼諾夫（Sergey Rachmaninoff, 1873-1943）曾形容：「梅特納音樂的獨特性，是無法被取而代之的」；可見這位稱霸當時樂壇的大師對於梅特納作品的欣賞與認同。
奏鳴曲《回憶》出自鋼琴組曲〈遺忘的旋律〉（Forgotten Melodies, Opus38）中的第一首樂曲，以奏鳴曲式寫作，為單樂章的作品，全曲架構工整，是梅特納所有鋼琴奏鳴曲中最富詩意與抒情性的作品，也是作曲家最喜歡的作品。全曲的結構明確，以一個優美地「回想」主題作為整首樂曲的中心，在序奏中清楚地呈現後，隨即在呈示部、發展部、再現部以及尾奏中皆可發現此主題的使用。
本論文共分五個章節：第一章是緒論；第二章介紹梅特納之生平與鋼琴創作；第三章為樂曲的分析，將就樂曲的背景、曲式、旋律素材、調性和聲與節奏五個面向作深入的探討；第四章為樂曲的演奏探討，從呈示部、發展部與再現部討論演奏詮釋的要項；第五章為結論。

Medtner is a composer who was almost forgotten by the people in the music world. He was born in Russia and studied at the Moscow Music Conservatory. He got the highest honor, the “Golden Medal” when he was graduated from the piano department in the school.
As being a composer and pianist of exceptionally high caliber, all of his compositions involve the piano, including the piano concerto, piano sonata, piano pieces, vocal pieces and chamber music. He is expecially known by his characteristic music- the fairy tales. Although his compositions relied totally on traditional forms, his clever pianistic writing and distinctive harmony and use of rhythm makes his works unique. Rachmaninoff, who had great respect for Medtner as a pianist and composer, said: “ Medtner is too much an individual to bear resemblance to anyone except the Russian composer Medtner.”
The sonata “Reminiscenza” is the first piece in Medtner’s suite for piano entitled “Forgotten Melodies”, Opus38. This sonata was structured in sonata form, and contains a single movement. Because of the highly lyrical and poetic nature of the work, “Reminiscenza”, Medtner stated, was the most favorite all his piano sonatas.
This thesis has a total of five chapters. Chapter one is the introduction. Chapter two contains the life and the music of Medtner. Chapter three and four focus the analysis and the performing practice of the “Reminiscenza”, including the background of this piece, the form, the elements of the melody, the mode, the harmony, and the rhythm. The last chapter is the conclusion of this thesis.

第一章　緒論
第一節 研究動機與目的
第二節 研究對象、範圍與方法
第三節 文獻探討
第二章　梅特納生平與創作簡介
第一節　成長與學習歷程
第二節　音樂之路的發展
第三節　樂曲創作介紹
第三章　鋼琴奏鳴曲《回憶》（Reminiscenza,　Opus 38 No.1）之作品分析
第一節　創作背景介紹
第二節　樂曲分析－曲式的探討
第三節　樂曲分析－旋律素材的探討
第四節　樂曲分析－調性與和聲的探討
第五節　樂曲分析－節奏的探討
第四章　鋼琴奏鳴曲《回憶》（Reminiscenza, Opus 38 No.1）之演奏探討
第一節　呈示部－平靜的稍快板
第二節　發展部－迅速地
第三節　再現部－回復原速
第五章　結論
參考書目
附錄一：譜例索引
附錄二：梅特納作品年表
附錄三：梅特納生平年表

專書
Dubal, David (2004). The Art of the Piano-Its Performers, Literature, and Recordings. USA: Amadeus Press, LLC.
Martyn, Barrie (1995). Nicolas Medtner: His Life and Music. USA: Scolar Press.
Montagu-Nathan, M. (1970). Contemporary Russian Composers. USA: Greenwood Press.
Rimm, Robert (2002). The composer-pianists: Hamelin and the Eight. Oregon: Amadeus Press.
Sabaneyeff, Leonid (1971). Modern Russian Composers. Translated by Judah A. Joffe. New York: Books for Libraries Press Freeport. (Original work published in 1927)
林勝儀譯，音樂之友社編 (1999)。《新訂標準音樂辭典Ａ-Ｌ》，台北市：美樂出版社。
林勝儀譯，音樂之友社編 (1999)。《新訂標準音樂辭典M-Z》，台北市：美樂出版社。

期刊論文
Harrington, James (2006). MEDTNER: Forgotten Melodies opp 38+39, 2 Marches, op 8 / op 38 (3), op 39 (all), op 40 (2), 3 Arabesques, op 7. Review of medium_being_reviewed title_of_work_reviewed_in_italics. American Record Guide, 69(6), 142. Retrieved December 14, 2007, from Academic Research Library database. (Document ID: 1179843771).
Kafarova, Saida (2003). An introduction to Nikolai Medtner and performance analysis in dialogue form of his works for two pianos: Russian round dance and Knight errant. Retrieved November 25, 2007, from RILM Abstracts of Music Literature Database.
Keller, Charles William(1971). The Piano Sonatas of Nicolas Medtner. Doctoral Dissertation. The Ohio State University, USA.
Loftis, Bobby Hughes (1970). The Piano Sonatas of Nicolai Medtner. Doctoral Dissertation. West Virginia University, USA.
Pitts, James Lee (1999). Symmetrical features of Medtner's language: The Grozovaya sonata, opus 53, no. 2. UMI Microform 3041921. Doctoral Dissertation, University of North Texas, USA.
Rideout, Ernie (2006). The Neglected Russian, Keyboard, Mar 2006; 32, 3. UK: Academic Research Library.
Westfall, David Charles (2008). Three One-Movement Sonatas of The Russian Silver Age: A Comparative Study. Doctoral Dissertation. West Hartford University, USA: Connecticut.
Young, John Bell (1999). Medtner: Piano Sonatas; Forgotten Melodies / Sonata, op 5; Sonata Romantica; Sonata Minacciosa. Review of medium_being_reviewed title_of_work_reviewed_in_italics. American Record Guide, 62(1), 141-142. Retrieved December 14, 2007, from Academic Research Library database. (Document ID: 38065469).

樂譜
Medtner, Nikolay (1998). The Complete Piano Sonatas Series I. Edit by Eugene Istomin & Gerffrey Tozer. New York: DOVER PUBLICATONS, INC.. Dover 0-486-29978-3.

Medtner, Nikolay (1998). The Complete Piano Sonatas Series II. Edit by Eugene Istomin & Gerffrey Tozer. New York: DOVER PUBLICATONS, INC.. Dover 0-486-29979-1.
Medtner, Nikolay (2003). メトネル：ピアノのための《忘れられた調べ》第1集 作品38. Edit by Satoru Takaku（高久 曉）& Masahiro Kawakami（川上昌裕）. Japan: Zen-On Music Company Ltd..

電子文獻
Holt, Richard (1951). Nicolas Medtner. The Gramophone. December 1951. 〔Electronic Version〕. From http://www.medtner.org.uk
Medtner, Nikolay Karlovich (1935). The Muse and the Fashion: being a defence of the foundations of the art of music. Alfred J. Swan, Trans., 1951. 〔Electronic Version〕. New York: Haverford College Bookstore. From http://www.medtner.org.uk
Newman, Ernest (1915). Medtner. The Musical Times. January 1, 1915.〔Electronic Version〕. From http://www.medtner.org.uk
Smith, Gregory Michael (2003). Performance Practice Issues in Russian Piano Music. 〔Electronic Dissertations〕. Australia: Newcastle. From http://www.medtner.org.uk

影音資料
Hamelin, Marc-Andre (2005). Marc-Andre Hamelin-It’s all about the music. 〔DVD DVDA68000〕. London (UK): Hyperion Records Ltd.
Kissin, Evgeny (2005). Medtner Piano Sonata “Reminiscenza”. On Evgeny Kissin: Scriabin, Medtner and Stravinsky. 〔CD: 82876 65390 2〕. EU: SONY-BMG Music Entertainment.
Milne, Hamish (2000). Nikolai Medtner Piano Sonatas(Complete), Piano Works. 〔CD: Brillant Classics 8851〕. UK: CRD Records Ltd..

網站資料
Grove Music Online
www.medtner.org.uk