臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

現今院內感染案件有越來越多的趨勢，主要感染方式可能是經由黏附細菌的醫療器材與病人交叉感染，或是經由接觸、媒介物等傳染途徑感染。然而針對降低院內感染的改善方式是將醫療器材有效地滅菌，但市面上的滅菌方式會造成滅菌時間較長、材料選用有限、使用時須為真空狀態等缺點，而大氣低溫電漿現已慢慢崛起也被廣泛應用於滅菌。本研究使用介電質阻擋放電（dielectric barrier discharge ,DBD）型式設計了低溫大氣電漿系統應用於微生物滅菌，所開發之低溫大氣電漿滅菌盒為體積小、成本低、可快速滅菌並應用於各式材料等優點。使用工作電壓為8.24 kV、總功率為27 W，利用光學發射光譜儀(Optical Emission Spectroscopy; OES)檢測到電漿中具有單態氧和OH自由基等活性氧物種，對大腸桿菌(Escherichia coli, E. coli)、金黃色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus, S.A.)進行不同時間的滅菌測試，滅菌率儼然達到99 %。因此證明本研究所開發之電漿系統視為可在短時間內達到滅菌之效果，希望本研究在未來可以商品化並且能提供醫院一個體積小、滅菌時間短、對於高分子材料亦能進行滅菌的電漿滅菌系統。

The cases of infection in hospital are increasing recently. The main pathway of infection are: the adhesion of bacterial on medical equipment, patient infection or cross contact vehicle of transmission. Sterilization can reduce the case of infection hospital, but most of way to sterilize may take a lot of time, materials are also limited and must in vacuum state, these cause the medical equipment can’t be used immediately and are inconvenient. The low temperature atmosphere plasma is gradually applied to sterilize. In this study, a new type of atmospheric plasma system with a Dielectric barrier Discharge (DBD) is designed, in order to sterilize the medical equipment in a short time and can be repeatable to use. After sterilization in different times, it seems to have reached 99% of sterilization efficiency to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, the operating voltage is 8.24 kV, and total power is 27 W when activating, reactive oxygen species such as oxygen and hydroxyl radicals can be detected by Optical Emission Spectroscopy. The low temperature atmospheric plasma sterilization box I develop in this research is in a small size, low cost, simple to operate. Therefore, this study prove that this plasma system is consider to sterilization effectively in a short time. I hope this study can be commercialize in the future and can provide to hospital a plasma system that is in a small size, sterilize in a short time and polymer materials also can be sterilized by plasma system.

摘要 I
Abstract II
謝誌 III
第一章　緒論
1-1 研究背景
1-2 研究動機與目的
1-3 文獻回顧
1-3-1 滅菌簡介
1-3-2 傳統滅菌法
1-3-3 低溫電漿應用
第二章 理論基礎
2-1 電漿基本原理
2-1-1 電漿簡介
2-1-2 非平衡電漿
2-2 大氣電漿簡介
2-3 電漿檢測儀器理論
2-3-1 Q-V Lissajous 原理
2-3-2 光學放射光譜儀原理
2-4 微生物基礎理論
2-4-1 微生物學
2-4-2 細菌簡介
2-5 電漿滅菌原理
第三章 材料與方法
3-1研究架構
3-2 電漿系統開發與設計
3-2-1 電漿高壓電源輸出系統
3-2-2 電漿反應器設計
3-3 電漿反應器激發特性分析
3-3-1 電性檢測
3-3-2 電漿物種檢測
3-3-3 電漿溫度檢測
3-3-4 電漿激發臭氧濃度檢測
3-4 微生物的培養
3-4-1菌株來源與活化
3-4-2 菌株保存方式
3-5 電漿滅菌
3-5-1 菌液濃度與滅菌基材的製備
3-5-2 滅菌定性實驗
3-5-3 滅菌定量實驗
3-6電漿滅菌效率
3-6-1 場發式電子顯微鏡
第四章　結果與討論
4-1電漿系統檢測與分析
4-1-1 電漿電源輸出系統電性檢測
4-1-2 電漿消耗功率檢測 48
4-1-3 大氣低溫電漿反應器 49
4-1-4 電漿激發物種檢測 50
4-1-5 電漿溫度檢測
4-1-6 電漿激發臭氧濃度探討
4-2 電漿滅菌實驗分析
4-2-1 電漿定性滅菌實驗
4-2-2 電漿定量滅菌實驗
4-2-3 場發式電子顯微鏡分析
第五章 結論與未來展望
5-1 結論
5-2未來展望
參考文獻
圖 2- 1 不同電漿型式之放電示意圖
圖 2- 2 負載電壓與電荷量法
圖 2- 3 Q-V Lissajous 圖形示意圖
圖 2- 4 革蘭氏陽性菌與陰性菌的構造

圖 3- 1 開發大氣電漿滅菌盒應用於細菌滅活之影響研究架構
圖 3- 2 大氣低溫電漿滅菌盒示意圖
圖 3- 3 高壓電源輸出系統設計方塊圖
圖 3- 4 自製大氣低溫電漿反應器示意圖
圖 3- 5 電漿滅菌盒設計示意圖
圖 3- 6 電漿檢測示意圖
圖 3- 7 電漿物種檢測示意圖
圖 3- 8 電漿溫度檢測示意圖
圖 3- 9 臭氧濃度檢測方法示意圖
圖 3- 10菌種活化示意圖(啟新生物科技公司提供)
圖 3- 11菌種保存管(啟新生物科技有限公司提供)

圖 4- 1 電壓電流圖
圖 4- 2 電漿激發時的消耗功率
圖 4- 3 電漿滅菌盒未激發
圖 4- 4 電漿滅菌盒激發狀況
圖 4- 5 電漿激發之光譜
圖 4- 6 電漿激發之溫度
圖 4- 7 DBD型式大氣低溫電漿滅菌盒之臭氧濃度
圖 4- 8 E. coli於不同電漿處理時間
圖 4- 9 S.A. 於不同電漿處理時間
圖 4- 10 自製大氣低溫電漿於大腸桿菌之生存曲線
圖 4- 11 自製大氣低溫電漿於金黃色葡萄球菌之生存曲線
圖 4- 12 金黃色葡萄球菌降低初始菌液濃度之生存曲線
圖 4- 13 大腸桿菌電漿處理與靜放於盒內之滅菌效率比較
圖 4- 14 大腸桿菌電漿處理與靜放於盒內之滅菌效率比較
圖 4- 15 大腸桿菌表面形貌
圖 4- 16 大腸桿菌表面形貌
圖 4- 17 金黃色葡萄球菌表面形貌
圖 4- 18 金黃色葡萄球菌表面形貌

表目錄
表 2- 1一般非熱電漿的粒子溫度
表 3- 1菌種來源與編號
表 3- 2菌液濃度的調配方式

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