臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

當雷擊中建築物時，強大的雷擊電流將流至各設備與地面，此電流可能造成設備的破壞，且其大地電位升所形成的電位差甚至可能造成人員的傷亡，為了減少雷擊帶來的傷害，便有了建築物避雷保護系統。在避雷保護系統中較關鍵的一環便是接地系統，本文擬分析比較等電位共同接地系統與單獨接地系統用於建築物避雷保護之差異，特別是頻域與時域兩方面之結果，再依據人體所能忍受之最高步間電壓與接觸電壓評估其接地系統的安全性。

When a lightning strikes a building, a large lightning current will flow to facilities inside the building and the ground. This lightning current may damage facilities and even hurt humans due to the ground potential rise. In order to mitigate the damage, a lightning protection grounding system for buildings is introduced. Grounding plays an important role for a lightning protection grounding system. This paper will analyze and compare the equipotential common grounding system and independent grounding system used as a lightning protection system for buildings. Particularly, we will analyze the difference of grounding systems in time- and frequency-domain. Moreover, the maximum permissible step and touch voltages for humans will be used to evaluate the safety of grounding systems.

摘　要 i
ABSTRACT ii
致　謝 iii
目　錄 iv
表 目 錄 vi
圖 目 錄 vii
符 號 說 明 xi
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機與背景 1
1.2 研究方法與文獻回顧 2
1.3 論文架構 2
第二章 雷擊與避雷保護系統的介紹 4
2.1 前言 4
2.2 閃電的自然現象 5
2.3 避雷保護系統的發展 9
2.4 避雷保護系統的結構 10
2.4.1 外部避雷保護系統 (External lightning protection system) 10
2.4.1.1 露空接收端系統 (Air-termination system) 10
2.4.1.2 下導體系統 (Down-conductor system) 14
2.4.1.3 接地端系統 (Earth-termination system) 15
2.4.2 內部避雷保護系統 (internal lightning protection system) 17
2.4.2.1 突波保護器SPD (Surge protective device) 17
2.4.2.2 等電位連接EB (Equipotential bonding) 20
2.5 雷電對建築物的損壞 23
2.5.1 雷電對建築物的影響 23
2.5.2 對建築物的損壞源和損壞類型 23
2.5.3 損失類型 25
2.5.4 雷電防護的必要性和經濟合理性 26
2.6 國內外相關避雷接地法規介紹 29
2.7 結語 31
第三章 接地形式與模擬架構 32
3.1 前言 32
3.2 不同接地方式之比較 32
3.3 模擬架構之建立 35
3.3.1 單獨接地系統架構 35
3.3.2 等電位共同接地系統架構 37
3.4 分析軟體 38
3.5 雷擊突波電流分析 40
3.6 結語 41
第四章 建築物避雷接地系統模擬與分析 43
4.1 前言 43
4.2 模擬步驟與設定參數 43
4.3 模擬結果與數值分析 46
4.3.1 頻域方面模擬結果 46
4.3.2 時域方面模擬結果 62
4.4 人體安全影響評估 76
4.4.1 步間電壓 (Step Voltage) 77
4.4.2 接觸電壓 (Touch Voltage) 78
4.5 結語 82
第五章 結論與未來研究方向 83
5.1 結論 83
5.2 未來研究方向 84
參 考 文 獻 85
附　錄 89
簡　歷 97

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