臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

碳六十/大環胺醚在銀(I)及碘(I)離子選擇性電極上之應用
中文摘要
碳六十/大環胺醚已成功的應用在離子管柱層析、石英壓電偵測器的材質上。本研究以之作為電極膜材料，進行陰陽離子選擇性電極之研發。在陽離子選擇性電極方面，以碳六十/大環胺醚作為電極膜中的中性載體，藉由銀離子和大環胺醚的錯合力，再配合10-3M硝酸銀為內溶液，便製成了對銀離子有特殊選擇性的銀離子選擇性電極。Ag+ ISE在銀離子濃度範圍在10-3.5∼10-1M內，具有58.5mV/decade的能斯特（Nernst）線性電極電位反應，其穩定度與再現性都不錯。此銀離子電極對鹼金屬、鹼土金屬及過渡金屬離子之選擇性係數約介於10-3∼10-2之間。將銀離子選擇性電極應用在滴定終點之偵測，可穩定且準確的測知氯化鈉溶液滴定硝酸銀溶液之滴定當量點。
當碳六十/大環胺醚電極之內溶液改為10-4M之KI(aq)且pH值降至2以下，膜內的大環胺醚被質子化，轉變成為陰離子載體，此碳六十/大環胺醚電極就可轉換成碘離子選擇性電極。此電極在碘離子濃度為10-3∼10-1M範圍內，具有-58.5mV/decade能斯特（Nernst）靈敏度。陰離子選擇性係數測定結果顯示，除了鹵素離子、硝酸根離子、硫氰根離子外，一般離子對碘電極干擾都不大。

Application of C60-Cryptand 22 in Bifunctional Ion-Selective Electrodes for Silver and Iodine Ions
Abstract
Fullerene(C60)-cryptand22(1,7,10,16Tetraoxa4, 13diazacyclooctadecan) had been prepared and successfully used in ion-chromatography, piezoelectric quartz detector and now being applied as neutral carrier in electric membrane of cation/anion-selective electrode. With excellent stability of complex [Ag-cryptand22]+, the C60-cryptand22 based electrode with AgNO3(aq)(10-3 M, pH=6.3) as internal solution gave a linear response 59.5 mV/decade within the concentration range 10-3.5-10-1M Ag+(aq) and had selectivity coefficients about 10-3∼10-2 for alkali, alkaline earth and transition metal ions. The Ag+ ISE with good stability and reproducibility had been successfully used in the titration of Ag+(aq) with KCl(aq). The C60-cryptand electrode could be switched to be an iodide ion-selective electrode with an acidic internal solution of 10-4M KI(aq) (pH=2) which the cryptand was protonated and switched to be an anion electric carrier. I- ISE gave slope -58.5 mV/decade within 10-3∼10-1M I-(aq) and had small selectivity coefficients for most anions except SCN-, NO3-, Br- and Cl-.

目錄
中文摘要
英文摘要
目錄
圖目錄
表目錄
第一章 緒論1
1-1 大環胺醚的簡介與應用1
1-1-1 冠狀醚及大環胺醚簡介1
1-1-2 大環胺醚在分離無機陰陽離子上的應用5
1-2 碳六十10
1-2-1 碳六十基本性質簡介10
1-2-2 碳六十與金屬離子之間的作用力12
1-3 離子選擇性電極簡介14
1-3-1 電極膜離子傳輸機制14
1-3-2 選擇性電極膜之設計18
1-3-3 陽離子選擇性電極21
1-3-4 陰離子選擇性電極21
1-3-5 選擇性係數Kpot的測量23
第二章 實驗部份26
2-1 碳六十/大環胺醚之合成26
2-2 電極之研製26
2-2-1 電極膜的製作26
2-2-2 電位的測量與結果分析29
2-2-3 選擇性係數的測定32
2-2-4 應用銀離子選擇性電極進行滴定終點之測量34
第三章 結果與討論35
3-1 銀離子選擇性電極35
3-1-1 電極製成之最佳條件35
3-1-2 待測溶液之溶劑效應與酸鹼度效應45
3-1-3 靜態與動態及穩定度之測量51
3-1-4 干擾離子選擇性係數之測定57
3-1-5 滴定終點測定之應用67
3-2 碘離子選擇性電極69
3-2-1 碘離子電極製成之最佳條件69
3-2-2 待測溶液之酸鹼度效應與陽離子效應77
3-2-3 靜態與動態及穩定度之測量82
3-2-4 選擇性係數之測定86
3-3 銀離子選擇性電極與碘離子選擇性電極之比較95
第四章 結論100
參考文獻102

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