臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

This thesis examines the responsibilities of the UN peacekeeping operations in Darfur, the Western Region of Sudan, with particular focus on the protection of civilian’s role and the challenges hindering the insurance of the civilians protection. The study looks at the various definitions of both the civilian and the protection during the armed conflicts according to different scholars and international organizations and the role of the international laws and conventions to insure the protection. As the ‘responsibility to protect’ is debatable, it is reviewed and analyzed. In this thesis, the evolution of the UN history and it’s international responsibility with regard to the protection of civilian is studied. In specific terms, the study looks at the various actors and causes of the Darfur crisis and the UN peacekeeping operations and its responsibilities toward the protection of civilians in Darfur. The qualitative method is adopted and the use of secondary data is employed for data generation and analysis as well. The study reveals the different groups involved in the Darfur conflict which caused serious abuses including; excessive killing of civilians, destruction of houses and farmlands and, severe torture of the people of Darfur. The study assesses the responsibilities of UNAMID, mandated tasks implemented by UNAMID peacekeepers to protect the civilians in Darfur since the deployment of the forces in 2007 until the time of writing. The study finds out that UNAMID has been facing political, strategic and operational challenges which hinder the insurance of the protection of civilians. Finally, the conclusion echoes the analyses, which are put forward through the whole study, and ends up with the suggestions and recommendations.

Dedication iii
Acknowledgment iv
contents v
Acronyms vii
Abstract viii
Chapter I 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Motivation and Research Objectives 5
1.3 Literature Review 7
1.4 Methodology 15
1.5 Research Structure 16
1.6 Research Scope and Table of Contents 17
Chapter II: The United Nations peacekeeping operations. 19
2.1 The evolution of the United Nations 19
2.2 The United Nations peacekeeping Department 25
2.3 Protection of Civilians 29
2.4 The role of UN concerning the protection of civilians 35
2.5 The responsibility to protect (R2P). 38
Chapter III: Darfur Conflict 44
3.1 The historical background to Darfur conflict 44
3.2 The armed groups in Darfur 56
3.3 The response of the international community to the conflict 66
Chapter IV: UN Role in Darfur and the peace process 77
4.1 Darfur Peace Agreement and Doha Peace Talks 77
4.2 The UN response to the conflict and the new Concept of hybrid operations between UN and AU (UNAMID) 85
4.3 The duties and responsibilities of UNAMID toward the protection of civilians 95
4.4 UNAMID's challenges to ensure the protection of civilians. 107
4.4.1 The political challenges: 107
4.4.2 The strategic challenges: 115
4.4.3 The operational challenges: 118
Chapter V: Finding, Recommendations and Conclusion 121
5.1 Findings 121
5.2 Recommendations 126
5.2.1 Recommendations for the UN: 126
5.2.2 Recommendations for the Government of Sudan: 128
5.2.3 Recommendations for the rebel groups: 129
5.3 Conclusion 130
Bibliography 134

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