臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

因應全球氣候暖化問題，近年來環保意識逐漸抬頭，國際間陸續針對各項環保議題提出相關規範。歐盟議會於2005年8月通過「能源使用產品生態化設計指令」，簡稱EuP指令。要求產品製造商必須採用生命週期的思考方式，將生態化設計的要求(Requirement of Eco-design)融入產品設計開發之中以提昇產品的環境績效，如有害物質減量、能源效率等，且歐盟各會員國應於2007年8月完成國內立法，以確保EuP指令得以有效運作。此舉，對全球各大小企業造成莫大的衝擊。
國際大廠及許多國內電機電子產品的ODM大廠積極推動綠色產品，一方面除了有鑒於國際社會對於企業在環境保護上所做之努力日漸重視，另一方面國際間面對環境議題，對進出口貿易也提高環保的訴求。傳統的供應商評選模式已不符環境需求，因此本研究目的希望加入減碳之概念，並針對具環保考量的供應商評估問題做深入探討。從國際環保公約、供應商模式建構與綠色供應商評估準則之三方向進行相關的文獻探討及回顧，透過相關文獻的彙整並考量生命週期選定具減碳功能的環保因子為供應商評選準則。本研究第一部份為考量專家在進行主觀判斷時，往往無法處理過多因子之比較，故加入模糊理論之概念，並使用模糊決策實驗評估法(Fuzzy Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory, Fuzzy DEMATEL)找出績效指標間的因果關係及關連度大小，第二部分運用模糊分析網路程序(Fuzzy Analytic Network Process, FANP)方法，來處理模糊語意不清之因素，以及因子間相互依存關係，當檢視供應商績效時，便可依據權重大或關聯度大但表現不彰的指標，作為日後業者改善的方向。

To confront the global warming problem and the increase in environmental consciousness, many countries have devised various environmental protection policies. For instance, with the Energy-using Product Directive (2005/32/EC), the European Commission has been addressing energy-using and energy-related products which have a considerable impact on the energy consumption in the market. Therefore, many international companies and original design manufacturing (ODM) manufacturers have aimed to promote green products actively, while the communities are paying attention to the environmental protection of the enterprises. In addition, the international environmental issues have built up some technical non-tariff barriers to trade. Therefore, the traditional supplier selection model is no longer compatible with the environmental requirements. The purpose of this study thus aims to incorporate the concept of carbon reduction and environmental considerations in designing a supplier selection model. The relationships among criteria are determined first by fuzzy decision making trial and evaluation laboratory (Fuzzy DEMATEL), and fuzzy analytic network process (FANP) model is constructed next to determine the weights of performance criteria and to obtain the overall performance of suppliers. The model can generate a list of criteria which are the most important for firms to assess the performance of suppliers and to give directions for suppliers to improve their performances.

摘 要 i
ABSTRACT ii
誌 謝 辭 iii
目 錄 iv
表 目 錄 vi
圖 目 錄 viii
第一章 緒論 9
第一節 研究背景 9
第二節 研究目的 2
第三節 研究範圍及限制 3
第四節 研究架構 3
第二章 文獻探討 5
第一節 供應商模式建構 5
第二節 綠色供應商評估準則 10
第三節 國際環保公約 13
第三章 研究方法 21
第一節 模糊理論(Fuzzy Set Theory) 21
第二節 決策實驗評估法(DEMATEL) 25
第三節 模糊決策實驗評估法(Fuzzy DEMATEL) 28
第四節 分析網路程序法(ANP) 29
第五節 模糊分析層級程序法(FANP) 32
第四章 案例分析 34
第一節 問卷設計 34
第二節 模糊決策實驗評估法之運用 34
第三節 模糊分析網路程序法之運用 44
第四節 實證結果與分析 51
第五章 結論與建議 53
第一節 結論 53
第二節 限制與建議 54
參考文獻 56
附錄A 62
附錄B 69

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