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研究生:劉嘉倫
研究生(外文):Chia-Lun Liu
論文名稱:目標取向、知覺動機氣候、自覺能力對控制感及競賽壓力因應策略之影響
論文名稱(外文):The Relationships of Goal Orientation, Perceive Ability and Perceived Motivational Climate to Appraisals of Control and Coping Strategies among Elite Soccer Players
指導教授:季力康季力康引用關係
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立體育學院
系所名稱:教練研究所
學門:民生學門
學類:競技運動學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2004
畢業學年度:92
語文別:中文
論文頁數:106
中文關鍵詞:目標取向知覺動機氣候足球選手控制感競賽壓力因應策略
外文關鍵詞:Perception motivation climateGoal orientationappraisal of controlcoping strategiesPath analysis
相關次數:
  • 被引用被引用:16
  • 點閱點閱:775
  • 評分評分:
  • 下載下載:213
  • 收藏至我的研究室書目清單書目收藏:0
摘 要

本研究旨在結合成就目標取向(Nicholls,1984,1989)與壓力與因應執行模式(Lazarus & Folkman,1984),來探討219位甲組足球選手之競賽壓力與因應之過程。參與者中男性138名,女性81名,平均年齡19.48±3.50歲。以目標取向、知覺動機氣候、自覺能力、控制感及競賽壓力因應策略等量表為研究工具。以多元逐步迴歸及徑路分析探討研究目的及假設,獲致結果如下:
一、工作取向、知覺工作氣候能有效預測自覺能力。
二、知覺工作氣候及自覺能力能有效預測控制感。
三、在預測因應策略的方面,控制感能有效預測「問題焦點」因應策略;控制感、自我取向、知覺工作及自我氣候能有效預測「情緒焦點」因應策略;自我取向及知覺自我氣候能有效預測「逃避」因應策略。
四、整個因果模式為工作取向、工作氣候及自我氣候正向的影響自覺能力,接著自覺能力又正向影響控制感,接著控制感又正向影響『問題焦點』及『情緒焦點』的因應策略。根據徑路分析的結果,發現選手的控制感除了決定選手在因應策略上的選擇,也中介了目標取向、知覺動機氣候及自覺能力對後續競賽壓力因應選擇的效應。在直接效果部份,除自覺能力,工作氣候也能正向預測控制感。除受自覺能力及控制感的間接影響外,自我取向、工作氣候及自我氣候也能直接影響『情緒焦點』因應。另自我取向及自我氣候亦正向影響『逃避』因應。根據研究結果與討論,提出實際運動訓練之建議及未來研究之方向

關鍵詞:競賽壓力因應策略、足球選手、控制感、目標取向、知覺動機氣候
Abstract
.The purpose of this study was to examine the prediction of elite soccer players’ appraisals of control and coping strategies by using the framework of Lzazrus and Folkman’s (1984) stress and coping theory and achievement goal theory (Nicholls, 1984) Participants were 210 elite soccer players (males=138, females=81) recruited from 7 men’s and 6 women’s soccer teams. The average age of participants was 19.48±3.50 years. After receiving the informed consent, participants were requested to complete inventories assess their goal orientation, perception of motivational climate, perceive ability, appraisal of control, and cope strategies. The results indicate that (1) perceive ability were significantly predicated by task orientation and both mastery and performance climate.(2) predicting appraisal of control were significantly by perceived ability and mastery climate.(3)「problem focus」coping strategy was significantly predicting by appraisal of control.(4)「emotion focus」coping strategy was significantly predicting by appraisal of control、ego orientation and both mastery and performance climate.(5)「avoidance」coping strategy was predicting by ego orientation and performance climate.(6) The path analysis indicated that perceived ability played as an important mediator in terms of goal orientation and perceptions of motivational climate predicting appraisal of control. In turn, appraisal of control positively predicted 「problem focus」and「emotion focus」coping strategies. In addition, perception of mastery climate had direct effect on appraisal control. Ego orientation, perception both of mastery and performance climate and appraisal of control had direct effects on「emotion focus」 coping strategies. Ego orientation and perception performance climate positively predicted「avoidance」coping strategies. According to the results and discussion, the practical application and future research suggestions are provided.
Key words: appraisal of control, Goal orientation, coping strategies, Perception motivation climate, Path analysis
第壹章 緒論-----------------------------------1

第一節 研究動機------------------------------1
第二節 研究目的------------------------------9
第三節 研究問題-----------------------------10
第四節 名詞解釋-----------------------------11

第貳章 文獻探討------------------------------15

第一節 壓力因應理論及相關研究---------------15
第二節 運動情境中壓力因與應策略之相關研究---26
第三節 成就目標取向與壓力因應策略之相關研究-33
第四節 研究假設-----------------------------44

第參章 研究方法------------------------------45

第一節 研究架構-----------------------------45
第二節 研究對象-----------------------------46
第三節 研究工具-----------------------------47
第四節 實施程序-----------------------------50
第五節 資料處理-----------------------------51
第肆章 結果----------------------------------52

第一節 基本描述統計和簡單相關---------------53
第二節 目標取向、知覺動機氣候對自覺能力之預測56
第三節 目標取向、知覺動機氣候、自覺能力對控制感
之預測--------------------------------57
第四節 目標取向、知覺動機氣候、自覺能力及控制感
對競賽壓力因應策略之預測--------------58
第五節 足球選手之目標取向、知覺動機氣候、自覺能
力對控制感及競賽壓力因應策略之因果模式62

第伍章 討論-----------------------------------64

第一節 目標取向、知覺動機氣候對自覺能力之預測情
形---- -----------------------------64
第二節 目標取向、知覺動機氣候、自覺能力對控制感
之預測情形----------------------------66
第三節 目標取向、知覺動機氣候、自覺能力及控制感對競賽壓力因應策略之預測情形-------------------67
第四節 足球選手之目標取向、知覺動機氣候、自覺能力對控制感及競賽壓力因應策略之因果模式---------72

第陸章 結論與建議-----------------------------75

第一節 結論----------------------------------75
第二節 建議----------------------------------77

參考文獻---------------------------------------80

附錄 足球運動經驗量表------------------------97

表 目 錄
表 3-2-1 各校參與者人數名細表---------------------------- 46
表 4-1-1 全體參與者在各變項上的描述統計---------------- 53
表 4-1-2 各變項間的簡單相矩陣表-------------------------- 54
表 4-2-1 以「自覺能力」為效標變項的逐步迴歸摘要表----- 56
表 4-3-1 以「控制感」為效標變項的逐步迴歸摘要表------- 57
表 4-4-1 以「問題焦點」為效標變項的逐步迴歸摘要表----- 59
表 4-4-2 以「情緒焦點」為效標變項的逐步迴歸摘要表----- 60
表 4-4-3 以「逃避」為效標變項的逐步迴歸摘要表------- 61
圖 目 錄

圖 2-1 壓力與因應之個人與環境交互作用執行模式圖---- 20
圖 3-1 研究架構模式圖------------------------------------- 45
圖 4-5 目標取向、知覺動機氣候透過自覺能力影響控制
感及結果變項之徑路分析圖------------------------- 63
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