臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

作者研究中國大陸北祁連褶皺帶中段甘肅青海省交界的門源盆地區內出露於盤坡､南石頭溝､碟青晏､朶大灘等地的基盤岩。在1960~1970年代大陸出版的二十萬分之一的地質圖上標示門源盆地出露的基盤岩為下古生代的地層前寒武紀的基盤。本研究工作的基盤岩的岩樣其岩性分別是:盤坡地區兩個高角閃岩相的矽線石-黑雲母片麻岩，南石頭溝地區兩個綠片岩相的黑雲母-白雲母片岩，碟青晏地區一個綠片岩相的黑雲母-石英片岩及兩個高角閃岩相的黑雲母-白雲母片麻岩、黑雲母-石英片麻岩，以及朶大灘地區一個低角閃岩相的黑雲母-白雲母-鉀長石片岩等共八個岩樣。利用氬-氬同位素定年方法得出它們的年齡分別是盤坡：399.0Ma(雷射探針法)和398.0 Ma(或401.0 Ma)(高溫爐)，南石頭溝：221.0Ma(雷射探針法)和262.0 Ma(高溫爐)，碟青晏：402.0Ma，410.0 Ma，409.0 Ma(雷射探針法)，朶大灘：407.0Ma(雷射探針法)。根據氬-氬同位素定年的結果暗示門源地區的基盤岩在晚志留紀至早泥盆紀遭受一次的大陸再造作用(Continental reworking)及在二疊紀到三疊紀遭受另外一次的大陸再造作用，在岩石學上的暗示為門源盆地的基盤岩在晚志留紀至早泥盆紀遭受一次以角閃岩相為主的變質作用的大陸再造作用及在二疊紀到三疊紀遭受另外一次以綠片岩相為主的變質作用的大陸再造作用，顯示大區域尺度的中祁連深大斷裂帶在二疊紀到三疊紀有一次地體再活化的現象。
關鍵字:大陸回春作用、大陸再造、地體再活化、中祁連深大斷裂帶
Keywords: continental rejuvenation, continental reworking, reactivation,
central Qilian deep fracture zone

The petrologic and geochronologic constraints of the basement rocks of Man Yuan basin, north Qilian suture belt, were studied with the EDS analyses and 40Ar /39 Ar thermochronology. The author took advantages of Molybdenum furnace (GD150) and continuous mode Laser probe (VG3600) on “pure’ minerals and found that the domain structure and diffusion parameters obtained from his biotite samples could be used to model a thermal history of back arc basin, Man Yuan basin. The basement rocks were collected from Pampo, Nanshihtougou, Daechingyen, and Dodatang in Man Yuan district. According to the geological map published by mainland China in 1965, these basement rocks Precambrian. Now we have argon isotopes ages of these basement rocks: Pampo area rock samples, there are two rock samples of bearing sillimanite-biotite gneiss: 399.0Ma and 398.0 Ma, were revealed by Laser probe and Ta furnace, respectively. Nanshihtou Gao area rock samples, there are two rock samples of bearing biotite-muscovite schist: 221.0Ma and 262.0 Ma, were revealed by Laser probe and Ta furnace, respectively. Daechingyen rock sample, there are two rock samples of bearing biotite-muscovite gneiss and one rock sample of bearing biotite-quartz schist: 410.0Ma, 409.0 Ma and 402.0 Ma, were revealed by Laser probe. Dodatang there is only one rock sample of bearing biotite-muscovite schist: 407.0 Ma, was revealed by Laser probe. There is a geochronologic implication about Man Yuan basin area, according to argon-argon dating method, that these basement rocks could be suffered at least once “continental reworking” in late Silurian to early Devonian and suffered another time “continental reworking” across P-T boundary. As well as a petrologic implication revealed that these basement rocks could be suffered at least once amphibolite facies of metamorphism of “continental reworking” in late Silurian to early Devonian and suffered another time green schist facies of metamorphism of “continental reworking” between Permian period and Triassic period. Finally, no region in the world offers such marvelous, amazing continental reactivation phenomenon as central Qilian deep fracture zone does.

目錄
摘要
Abstract
誌謝
目錄……………………………………………………………………………………I
表目錄…………………………………………………………………………………III
圖目錄…………………………………………………………………………………IV
附表目錄………………………………………………………………………………VI
附錄目錄………………………………………………………………………………VII
礦物名稱縮寫表………………………………………………………………………VIII
第一章 緒 論………………………………............................................1
一、大陸回春作用…………………………..…………………………………………1
1.1大陸再造作用……………..………………………………..…. …………...…2
1.2地體再活化.........................................................3
1.3同位素的回春作用(Rejuvenation of isotopes)……………………………...3
二、地質背景…………………………………………………………………………..4
三、研究之目的與前人研究…………………………………………………………..7
第二章 研究方法...................................................................12
2.1 野外調查與採樣工作………………………………………………………….......................12
2.2 岩石學的研究方法……………………………………………………….........................12
2.2.1岩相學的觀察…………………………………………………………….....................12
2.2.2 礦物化學分析…………………………………………………………….....................13
2.3 熱定年學的方法………………………………………………………………...................15
2.3.1氬同位素應用於熱定年學的理論…………………………………. ………...............................................................15
2.3.2標本的前處理……………………………………………………………......18
2.3.3樣本的熱定年結果的控制因素…………………………………….......................................19
(A)標準樣本的照射通量的不確定(uncertainty of flux monitor)…………….19
(B)分析礦物的純度要求………………………………………………………….......................19
(C)分析的歧視度(device discrimination)……………………………………….......................................20
(D)分析儀器採用的標準空氣的校正…………………………………….......................................20
(E)燒空包(blank)校正……………………………………………………………...20
2.4 全岩地球化學分析………………………………………………………………...................21
第三章 研究結果與討論………………………………………………………………...................22
3.1 野外調查工作………………………………………………………………….................22
3.2 岩相學的觀察……………………………………………………………………….............22
3.2.1 盤坡地區的岩樣…………………………………………………………….....................22
3.2.2南石頭溝地區的岩樣……………………………………………………….........................23 3.2.3碟青晏地區的岩樣………………………………………………………….......................26
3.2.4朵大灘地區的岩樣……………………………………………………….........................28
3.3礦物化學…………………………………………………………………………….........31
A-長石……………………………………………………………………...............31
B-雲母類……………………………………………………………………...............31
C-矽線石-紅柱石………………………………………………………….......................34
D-石榴子石………………………………………………………………...................34
E-角閃石………………………………………………………….......................34
F-輝石……………………………………………………………………….........36
G-綠泥石……………………………………………………………………...............38
3.4 變質度的判別…………………………………………………………………….39
3.5樣本的熱定年結果與解釋………………………………………………………….......................56

第四章 綜合討論……………………………………………………………………….............66
4.1 大陸回春作用的岩石學上的證據…………………………………………….................................66 4.2大陸回春作用在熱定年學上的意義…………………………………………...................................68
4.3斷層作用扮演的角色………………………………………………………….......................70
第五章 結論…………………………………………………………………………….........77 參考文獻……………………………………………………………………………….79
圖版
附表
附錄

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