臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

揮發性有機物 (Volatile Organic Compounds, VOCs)，為一種環境的汙染源，其排放主要來自於塗料工業上溶劑的使用，現今工業上塗裝場所多在大氣中，若長久下來暴露於高VOCs濃度的場所可能危害人體。
為了減少塗裝使用溶劑、減少接觸VOCs，本研究建立真空聚合物噴塗系統，以改善噴塗環境以及使用無溶劑塗料兩個方向著手，將大氣下工業塗裝的過程移至真空中，在真空腔體中並且建立回收及抽廢氣系統，降低與人體接觸的可能性；利用紫外光固化材料，期望達到無溶劑UV固化溶液，降低黏度得以利用在真空噴塗系統，經由壓力下霧化、以最小的噴塗量達到塗佈效果並且快速固化成膜且完成樣品，確立真空噴塗系統的製程。
本實驗將分為兩部分討論：材料的部分：單體三官能基與單體二官能基調配而成，並且成功以無溶劑的型態調配UV固化溶液；噴塗的部分，實驗真空度為2×10-2 torr，藉由氣體壓力噴塗塗佈基板化妝瓶製作液相膜，接著在噴塗過程中使用高速攝影機觀察紀錄噴塗液體的分布情形，其後，將液相膜利用紫外光固化原理，放置UV燈底下照射使其固化，生成UV固化膜成品。
本實驗比較不同黏度於附著性以及霧化、和UV固化成膜的影響，觀察霧化現象，解決成膜問題，並且成功製作了一個膜面平滑無孔隙的固化膜，完成此研究，相較於熱固化以及市面上UV製程，有溫度較低、耗能較少，塗料之UV照光時間為50秒，硬度即可達6H以上，附著性為最高等級之5B，為友善環境、高效率(無溶劑)、低VOCs排放的製程。

Volatile Organic Compounds, VOCs, are environmental source of pollution, which mainly emitted by using solvent in industry of painting. Nowadays, the workplace of painting is most in atmosphere, if we exposure in this place, it may damage the human body.
In order to reduce the solvent used in painting, in other words, reduce the contact with VOCs, this study established a vacuum polymer coating system to improve the spraying environment and use solvent-free coatings to move the process of industrial coating in the atmosphere to vacuum. Recycling and exhausting systems are established in the vacuum chamber to reduce the possibility of contact with the human body; Using UV-curable materials, it is desirable to achieve a solvent-free UV-curing solution, reducing the viscosity use in a vacuum spray system, atomizing by pressure , achieving a coating effect with a minimum spray amount and rapidly curing into a film. Complete the sample and establish the process of the vacuum spray system.
The study began with improvements in the materials and environment in the coating industry. The research will discuss in two parts: Part of the material: monomer trifunctional and monomer difunctional. The UV curing solutions formulated in a solvent-free form; the sprayed part has an experimental vacuum of 2×10-2 torr, and the coating material sprayed with a nozzle by a pressure. The substrate cosmetic bottle be coated into a liquid film, and then uses a high-speed camera observe the distribution of the spray during the spraying process. Thereafter, the liquid film irradiated by UV lamp formed a UV curing film.
This experiment compares the effects of different viscosity on adhesion and atomization, and UV curing film formation, observes the atomization phenomenon, solves the film formation problem, and successfully produces a film with a smooth and non-porous film surface. In the heat curing and UV process on the market, there are lower temperature and less energy consumption. The UV illumination time of the coating is 50 seconds, the hardness can reach 6H or more, and the adhesion is the highest level of 5B, which is friendly environment and high. Efficiency (no solvent), low VOCs emissions process.

第1章 緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 研究動機 2
1-3 本文架構 3
第2章 基礎理論與產業概況 4
2-1 塗裝業現況 4
2-2 UV塗料介紹與UV固化原理 7
2-2-1 UV塗料介紹 7
2-2-2 UV固化原理 12
2-3 霧化介紹 16
2-3-1 霧化過程 16
2-3-2 霧化噴嘴原理 18
2-3-3 黏度與霧化的關係 21
2-3-4 不同霧化噴嘴種類與壓力關係圖 22
第3章 實驗架構與儀器介紹 24
3-1 實驗架構 24
3-1-1 真空噴塗系統 27
3-1-2 實驗噴嘴 29
3-1-3 UV固化燈 31
3-3 測量儀器 36
3-3-1. 光學顯微鏡 36
3-3-2. 百格刀 36
3-3-3. 硬度計 38
3-3-4. 岩田黏度杯NK-2 39
3-3-5. 高速攝影機 40
3-3-6. 真空噴塗實驗與儀器使用 42
第4章 實驗結果與比較 43
4-1 不同UV固化溶液比例的黏度以及霧化比較 45
4-1-1 不同UV固化溶液比例的黏度比較 45
4-1-2 不同噴嘴的霧化情形比較 47
4-1-3 以高速攝影機做霧化測試討論 49
4-2 固化成膜外觀上的研究與探討 52
4-2-1 不同溶液比例的固化時間比較 52
第5章 結論 58
參考文獻 59

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