臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

研究報告指出，近八成的人們覺得孤寂，而孤寂不僅會對個人身心健康產生負面影響，更是造成身體疾病的危險因素。目前國內雖有兩種中文版孤寂量表在使用，但使用對象皆是老年人，而青少年（尤其是大學生）亦是孤寂的高危險群，且孤寂程度於青少年時期為人生的高峰，更勝於老年時期，若能在青少年時期早期預防及提供介入措施，可有效地預防孤寂延續至成年或老年。本研究目的在驗證一份可篩檢出台灣地區高孤寂程度大學生的量表，以做為大學生孤寂篩檢、早期措施與預防之用。
此研究為問卷調查性的橫斷式研究，以立意取樣於台灣四所大學收案，共收案181位。以結構式問卷收集資料，包含中文版UCLA孤寂量表（第三版）、董氏憂鬱量表（大專版）、中文版Rosenberg自尊量表及自評孤寂程度。收集之資料以SPSS 12.0統計套裝軟體進行描述性統計，以Cronbach's α、Guttman split-half及斯皮爾曼相關計算其信度，以斯皮爾曼相關計算與憂鬱、自尊及自評孤寂程度的聚斂效度，以獨立樣本t檢定比較有要好朋友和無要好朋友的大學生其中文版UCLA孤寂量表（第三版）總得分有無顯著差異作為其已知族群效度，以p＜.05達統計上顯著意義。
研究結果顯示：（一）中文版UCLA孤寂量表（第三版）其內部一致信度Cronbach's alpha 值為.887、折半信度Guttman split-half 係數為.830、隔兩周的再測信度為.561；（二）因素分析KMO值為.886，萃取三個因素可解釋61.660%的變異量；專家內容效度CVI值為.939，與「憂鬱」、「自尊」及「自評孤寂程度」之聚斂效度分別為.561、.576、與.660，有要好朋友和無要好朋友對中文版UCLA孤寂量表（第三版）具有已知族群效度。
整體而言，中文版UCLA孤寂量表（第三版）具有可接受的效度與信度，未來可運用於測量大學生之孤寂程度。

The studies revealed that around 80% of people occasionally felt lonely. Loneliness is not only made the negative influence on clients’ physical and mental integrity, but also the risk factor of medical disease. Currently, there are two different kinds of Chinese version loneliness scale which used for elder people in Taiwan. However, adolescent (particularly the college student) is the high risk group of loneliness. And then, the prevalence of loneliness appears to peak during adolescent, more than elder. If the loneliness has been early prevention and management, it will be effective control of loneliness extending from adolescent to elder. The purpose of this research was to explore the Chinese version of loneliness scale for students, which make it more easily to screening, permitting early intervention, and prevention.
The study was the cross-sectional research design. One hundred and eighty one students were recruited from 4 Taiwan Universities using convenient sampling. The structured questionnaires including the Chinese UCLA loneliness scale（version 3）, Tung’s depression inventory for college students, Chinese Rosenberg self-esteem scale, self report of loneliness were used for data collection. All data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. The Cronbach's α, Guttman split-half and Spearman correlation coefficient were used for reliability, Spearman correlation coefficient was use for convergent validity with depression, self-esteem and self report loneliness, and t test was use for known group validity that compare having good friend or not had were statistically significant different or not in loneliness. The statistically significance was p <.05.
The results were as follows: (1) internal consistency reliability Cronbach's alpha of Chinese UCLA loneliness scale (version 3) was .887, the split-half reliability Guttman split-half was .830, the test-retest reliability was .561 over a 14 day interval ; (2) the factor analysis KMO index was .886, and three factors explained 61.660% of total variance. The content validity index was .939, and the convergent validity in terms of the depression, esteem and self report of loneliness were .561, .576, and .660. The results showed that students having good friend or not were statistically significant different in loneliness, which demonstrated the known group validity.
In summary, this study found that Chinese version UCLA loneliness scale (version 3) has appropriate reliability and validity and suggests that future study may apply the scale to study college student’s loneliness.

第一章 緒論………………………………………………………1
第一節 研究動機與重要性………………………………………1
第二節 研究目的…………………………………………………3
第三節 研究問題…………………………………………………3
第二章 文獻查證…………………………………………………4
第一節 孤寂的起源與理論………………………………………4
第二節 孤寂的評量工具…………………………………………7
第三節 造成孤寂的原因及其相關研究…………………………12
第四節 孤寂造成的影響及其相關研究…………………………15
第五節 孤寂評量的關聯變項……………………………………16
第六節 量表之信效度檢定………………………………………20
第三章 研究方法…………………………………………………25
第一節 研究設計…………………………………………………25
第二節 名詞界定…………………………………………………25
第三節 研究假設…………………………………………………26
第四節 研究對象及研究場所……………………………………27
第五節 研究工具…………………………………………………28
第六節 研究步驟…………………………………………………30
第七節 資料處理與分析…………………………………………32
第八節 研究限制…………………………………………………33
第九節 倫理考量…………………………………………………33
第四章 研究結果…………………………………………………35
第一節 基本人口學特質…………………………………………35
第二節 中文版UCLA孤寂量表之信度檢定………………………36
第三節 中文版UCLA孤寂量表之效度檢定………………………36
第五章 討論………………………………………………………39
第一節 中文版UCLA孤寂量表之信度……………………………39
第二節 中文版UCLA孤寂量表之效度……………………………40
第六章 結論及建議………………………………………………44
第一節 結論………………………………………………………44
第二節 建議………………………………………………………45
第三節 研究限制…………………………………………………46
參考文獻……………………………………………………………47

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