臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文主要為應用影像處理技術，發展3D全自動量測系統，可自動、迅速、以及非接觸式量測微小工件的孔徑、圓心位置、距離、幾何形狀的邊長與夾角。且經由最佳化的燈光設計方式，將3D全自動量測系統使之不停頓，達到量測之效率。此量測系統主要包括兩大系統一、光學輔助系統：標準系統、砲塔式倍率、變焦鏡頭。二、光源輔助系統：載物台、同軸光、四分割環狀光、彩色光源，利用MITUTOYO 公司的QVPAK軟體，預先建立待測工件的每一個測量程式，配合3D 平臺移動的位置，並轉換成Visual Basic程式，可全自動重覆量測大量工件經加工後的尺寸。本研究採用田口方法與模糊邏輯，發展出具有模糊性設計目標的多重品質特性演算法，本實驗選定同軸光與四分割環狀光的最佳化設計為改善標的，結合田口方法與雙反應曲面法使多目標品質特性達到最佳化的目的。

The present paper is mainly about using the image process technology to develop a 3D automatic measurement system. The system can automatically and rapidly gauge a small aperture of the workpiece, the center position of the circle, the range, the length and the angle of the geometrical shape. Through the optimization of light design, the 3D automatic measurement system will never stop until it achieves the efficiency of the gauging. This measurement system includes two kinds of system. First, optics servosystem: standardized system, turret type percentage, and zoom lens. Second, photo source servosystem: objective table, coaxial light, 4 split ring light, and colored photo source. Using QVPAK software from MITUTOYO Corporation, each measurement routine of the testing workpiece needs to be established in advance, and coordinates with the migration position of the 3D platform, then, transforms into the Visual Basic program. The system can automatically gauge a huge amount of the processed workpiece size. This experiment confirmed that the system gauging time is short, may avoid the personal error, and the accuracy may reach 0.002mm. Therefore, this research uses the Taguchi Method and fuzzy logic, develops a multiple quality characteristic calculating method which processes fuzziness project. This experiment designated the optimization design of the coaxial light and 4 split ring light for the improvement sign. It also combined the Taguchi Method and the Response Surface Method to enable the Multiple Performance Characteristic Index to achieve the goal optimization.

中文摘要 i
Abstract ii
致謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 xi
符號索引 xiv
第一章 緒論 1
1.1研究背景 1
1.2研究動機 1
1.3研究目的 2
1.4論文架構 3
第二章 量測方法理論研究與影像處理技術 4
2.1接觸式與非接觸式量測 4
2.1.1 接觸式量測 4
2.1.2 非接觸式量測 5
2.1.3 量測方式之比較 5
2.2量測原理 7
2.3 影像處理技術 8
2.3.1 影像處理基本步驟 9
2.3.2影像空間域分析 (Spatial Domain Analysis) 10
2.3.3影像頻率域分析 (Frequency Domain Analysis) 13
2.4影像量測演算法 16
2.4.1最小平方法 (Least square method) 16
2.4.2霍氏轉換 (Hough Transform) 17
第三章 量測設備介紹及實驗設計理論 21
3.1影像量測系統硬體架構 21
3.1.1光學系統 22
3.1.2照明系統 27
3.1.3影像處理分析系統 35
3.2田口品質工程 36
3.2.1直交表 37
3.2.2參數設計 38
3.2.3品質損失函數 41
3.2.4雙反應曲面法 42
3.3實驗設計之組合表 43
3.3.1參數優化 45
第四章 實驗結果分析 47
4.1 量測精度之田口分析(案例一) 48
4.2 量測效率之田口分析(案例二) 51
4.3 量測精度與量測效率之模糊推論分析(案例三) 53
4.4 量測精度之雙反應曲面法分析(案例四) 58
4.5 量測精度之雙反應曲面法分析(案例五) 65
4.6 量測精度之雙反應曲面法分析(案例六) 73
4.7 最佳化燈光之雙反應曲面法分析(案例七) 81
4.8 最佳化燈光之模糊推論雙反應曲面法分析(案例八) 89
4.9 案例一至案例三之實驗設計方法分析結果討論 102
4.10 案例四至案例六之實驗設計方法分析結果討論 103
4.11 案例四、案例七及案例八之實驗設計方法分析結果討論 104
第五章 結論與未來展望 105
5.1 結論 105
5.2 未來展望 106
參考文獻 108
附錄一 詞彙中英對照(依照出現順序) 111
附錄二 案例三模糊推論試算表 113
附錄三 案例八模糊推論試算表 117
作者簡歷 125

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