臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

申請專利至109.09

申請專利至109.09

目錄
第一章 前言 1
1.1 研究緣起 1
1.2 研究目的 4
1.3 研究內容 4
第二章 文獻回顧 7
2.1 塑化劑之介紹 7
2.1.1 塑化劑之用途 10
2.1.2 塑化劑之特性 13
2.1.3 塑化劑之流佈 15
2.2 塑化劑之處理技術 20
2.2.1 生物處理技術 20
2.2.2 物化處理技術 23
2.2.3 高級氧化處理技術 24
2.3 光催化處理技術 26
2.3.1 光催化降解機制 26
2.3.2 固定化光觸媒之特性 28
2.3.3 固定化光觸媒之製備技術 30
2.3.3.1 溶膠─凝膠法(Sol–gel method) 31
2.3.3.2 水熱法(Hydrothermal) 37
2.3.3.3 化學氣相沉積法(Chemical vapor deposition，CVD) 38
2.3.3.4 電泳沉積法(Electrophorectic deposition) 38
2.3.3.5 真空濺鍍法(Sputering) 39
2.3.3.6 靜電紡織法(Electrospinning) 40
2.3.4 固定化光觸媒基材之選擇 42
2.3.4.1 玻璃 42
2.3.4.2 活性碳 44
2.3.4.3 二氧化矽 45
2.3.4.4 聚合物材料 46
2.3.4.5 碳纖維 46
2.3.4.6 不鏽鋼 48
2.3.5 光觸媒製備參數 49
2.3.5.1 摻雜元素 49
2.3.5.2 導電材料 52
2.3.5.3 二氧化鈦混合晶相(Polymorphs) 57
2.3.5.4 界面活性劑添加 59
2.4 影響光催化反應速率 60
2.4.1 光觸媒劑量 60
2.4.2 污染物濃度 60
2.4.3 pH值影響 61
2.4.4 H2O2添加影響 63
2.4.5 離子效應 64
2.4.6 光照波長 64
2.4.7 光照強度 65
2.4.8 光觸媒壽命 66
2.5 塑化劑分析技術 69
2.6 氫氧由基量測方法 71
第三章 研究方法 73
3.1 研究架構 73
3.2 實驗儀器及材料 76
3.2.1 實驗材料 76
3.2.2 實驗儀器與設備 77
3.3 奈米碳管之純化及官能基化處理 78
3.3.1 純化處理 78
3.3.2 表面修飾處理 78
3.4 聚苯胺合成方法 80
3.5 PANi-CNTs/TiO2固定化光觸媒製備 81
3.5.1 溶膠凝膠法(Sel-gel) 120
3.5.1.1 SC/SG光觸媒溶膠凝膠製備 121
3.5.1.2 SCP/SGP光觸媒溶膠凝膠製備 121
3.5.1.3 SCPS/ SGPS光觸媒溶膠凝膠製備 122
3.5.1.4 溶膠凝膠法塗佈方法 123
3.5.2 水熱法(Hydrothermal) 124
3.5.2.1 HC/ HG光觸媒溶膠凝膠製備 124
3.5.2.2 HCP/ HGP光觸媒溶膠凝膠製備 125
3.5.2.3 HCPS/ HGPS光觸媒溶膠凝膠製備 125
3.5.2.4 水熱法塗佈方法 126
3.6 複合材料表面特徵分析 127
3.6.1 表面形貌分析 128
3.6.2 晶相分析 128
3.6.3 元素分析 129
3.6.4 官能基分析 129
3.6.5 塗佈量分析 130
3.6.6 特徵波長分析 130
3.6.7 界達電位分析 131
3.7 塑化劑分析方法 131
3.7.1 塑化劑液相萃取技術 132
3.7.2 塑化劑分析方法 132
3.8 氫氧自由基量測方法 132
3.8.1 捕捉氫氧自由基溶液配置 133
3.8.2 氫氧自由基捕捉步驟 134
3.8.3 甲醛衍生物分析方法 134
3.8.4 氫氧自由基生成率計算方法 134
3.9 可見光光催化反應系統設計 135
3.9.1 410 nn/455nm光催化反應系統 135
3.9.2 擬太陽光光催化反應系統 136
3.10 可見光光催化液相降解實驗規劃 138
3.11 固定化光觸媒氫氧自由基生成量實驗規劃 142
3.12 固定化光觸媒重複使用實驗規劃(Recyclability Test) 142
3.13 實驗之品保品管(QA/QC) 142
第四章 結果與討論 147
4.1 固定化光觸媒特性分析 147
4.1.1 固定化光觸媒表面形貌分析 148
4.1.1.1 官能基化奈米碳管之影響 148
4.1.1.2 添加聚苯胺之影響 150
4.1.1.3 添加SDS之影響 155
4.1.2 固定化光觸媒膜厚分析 157
4.1.3 光觸媒穿透形貌分析 160
4.1.4 晶相特徵分析 162
4.1.5 元素分析 166
4.1.6 表面官能基分析 168
4.1.7 塗佈量分析 172
4.1.8 特徵波長分析 180
4.1.8.1 添加聚苯胺之影響 180
4.1.8.2 添加SDS之影響 185
4.1.9 界達電位分析 185
4.2 光催化反應系統特性分析 189
4.2.1 均相光反應測試 189
4.2.2 載體吸附測試 190
4.3 可見光光催化液相降解實驗 194
4.3.1 固定化光觸媒製技術之影響 194
4.3.1.1 Sol-gel法製備 204
4.3.1.2 Hydrothermal法製備光觸媒之降解結果 206
4.3.1.3 小結 208
4.3.2 pH值影響 211
4.3.2.1 SCP3S3 221
4.3.2.2 SGP3S3 222
4.3.2.3 HCP3S1 224
4.3.2.4 HGP3S1 225
4.3.2.5 小結 227
4.3.3 添加H2O2之影響 229
4.3.3.1 SCP3S3 230
4.3.3.2 SGP3S3 242
4.3.3.3 HCP3S1 243
4.3.3.4 HGP3S1 246
4.3.3.5 小結 249
4.4 可見光光催化氫氧自由基生成實驗 249
4.4.1 固定化光觸媒製備參數之影響 250
4.4.1.1 Sol-gel法製備固定化光觸媒 250
4.4.1.2 Hydrothermal法製備光觸媒之降解結果 260
4.4.1.3 小結 265
4.4.2 溶液初始pH值影響 269
4.4.2.1 SCP3S3 270
4.4.2.2 SGP3S3 279
4.4.2.3 HCP3S1 281
4.4.2.4 HGP3S1 283
4.4.2.5 小結 285
4.4.3 添加H2O2之影響 287
4.4.3.1 SCP3S3 287
4.4.3.2 SGP3S3 295
4.4.3.3 HCP3S1 296
4.4.3.4 HGP3S1 299
4.4.3.5 小結 301
4.5 固定化光觸媒重複使用性實驗(Recyclability Test) 302
4.5.1 固定化光觸媒種類之影響 303
4.5.1.1 SCP3S3 303
4.5.1.2 SGP3S3 318
4.5.1.3 HCP3S1 322
4.5.1.4 HGP3S1 325
4.5.2 添加H2O2之影響 328
4.5.2.1 SCP3S3 329
4.5.2.2 SGP3S3 344
4.5.2.3 HCP3S1 348
4.5.2.4 HGP3S1 352
4.5.3 重複使用降解效率變化量 355
4.5.4 小結 360
4.6 固定化光觸媒綜合評估 362
4.6.1 光觸媒機制分析 362
4.6.2 降解結果與氫氧自由基生成量之相關性 367
4.6.3 光觸媒重複使用評估 369
4.6.4 固定化光觸媒SWOT分析 372
第五章 結論與建議 376
5.1結論 376
5.2建議 382
參考文獻 384
附錄A 分析方法建立
附錄B 光催化降解DEP實驗結果
附錄C 氫氧自由基生成量實驗結果
附錄D 光觸媒重複使用之實驗結果

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