臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

台灣地處於板塊交界帶，地震發生頻繁，近年來臺南與花蓮也發生過地震造成重大傷害，地震造成的影響日漸受到重視，因此，本論文致力於結構物減震研究，希望減少地震造成的損壞，降低居民的生命財產威脅。
結構控制技術目前主要分為三種：主動控制、被動控制、半主動控制，由於半主動控制比起被動控制多了適應性，又比主動控制多了安全性，且設備成本相對較低廉。因此本研究目標為替結構物設計一套有效的又節能的半主動減震結構系統，而半主動減震結構系統包含滑塊隔震模組與磁流變阻尼器。然而，文獻高引用率的限幅最佳化(Clipped optimal control)半主動控制法，雖然可以控制磁流變阻尼器減震，但是限幅最佳化法控制電壓不連續且無法進行細部追蹤，且磁流變阻尼器的非線性遲滯動態使得控制器設計不易，文獻常用的Bouc-wen模型為非連續、片段函數，限制了控制器發展。因此，本論文以先前實驗室團隊論文提出之連續、確定型、動態型之Duffing-Like模型作為磁流變阻尼器的數學模型，應用在半主動減震工程。
本研究提出新的半主動控制器為能量最佳化控制法(Energy optimization control，簡寫EOC)，希望解決文獻限幅最佳化法的缺點，並以數值模擬與全比例實驗驗證減震效果，最後利用模擬與實驗數據比較控制法的減震效果。由模擬與實驗結果指出，Duffing-like模型良好的描述磁流變阻尼器之動態，而能量最佳化控制法和限幅最佳化控制法皆可達到不錯的減震效果，但能量最佳化控制法不但有效減小結構物之位移，且相較於限幅最佳化控制法有較好的節能效果。期待日後可以將能量最佳化控制法廣泛運用在有遲滯現象的減震元件，有效解決遲滯減震元件之控制難題。

In recent years, there are major disasters caused by earthquake in Tainan and Hualien. The disasters of earthquake has became increasingly important, therefore this study is about the vibration reduction of structural system by magnetorheological damper (MR damper).
Structure control technology mainly divides into three types: active control, passive control, and semi-active control. Semi-active control is more adaptable than passive control, and is more reliable than active control, and the equipment of semi-active control is relatively inexpensive. The clipped-optimal control in literature can reduce the vibration, but its control voltage is not a continuous and smooth signal, and can not track in detail. However, the inherent nonlinear hysteresis dynamics of MR damper raises the challenges in modeling and control process. In literature, the Bouc-Wen model includes discontinuous, nondeterministic, and piecewise function render the system identification. In order to overcome the difficulties, the study introduces the Duffing-Like model which is proposed by the team of ACDT Lab.
This study proposed a new semi-active control method which is energy optimization control (EOC) to improve the disadvantages of clipped-optimal control method, and do the numerical simulation and real experiment to verify the effect of vibration reduction of control methods. This paper verifies Duffing-Like model performed MR damper well and the effect of vibration reduction of structure system by numerical simulation and real experiment, then compares the effect of EOC method and clipped-optimal control. According to the data of simulation and experiment, we know that the EOC not only has good control effect but also has better control energy coefficient. Hope that EOC method can be used to any hysteresis system, and let the control of hysteresis systems simpler.

誌謝
中文摘要
Abstract
目錄
圖目錄
表目錄
符號說明
第一章、緒論 .......................................1
1.1 文獻回顧 ....................................1
1.1.1 減震工程之結構設計 .........................2
1.1.2 磁流變阻尼器之介紹 .........................5
1.2 研究動機 ...................................11
1.3 研究目標 ...................................11
1.4 論文架構 ...................................12
第二章、磁流變阻尼器之半主動減震結構系統介紹 .........13
2.1 滑塊隔震模組之模型介紹 ......................13
2.2 磁流變阻尼器之模型介紹與應用 .................15
2.3 識別磁流變阻尼器之Duffing-Like模型參數 .......19
第三章、半主動控制系統設計 .........................24
3.1 限幅最佳化控制法之半主動控制設計 .............24
3.2 能量最佳化控制法之半主動控制設計 .............28
3.2.1 以最佳化控制法設計減震力之參考訊號 .........29
3.2.2 梯度動力學法 .............................30
第四章、實驗設備介紹 ...............................33
4.1 振動平台系統 ...............................34
4.2 實驗儀器 ...................................35
第五章、模擬與實驗結果 .............................40
5.1 半主動減震結構系統之模擬驗證 ................40
5.2 半主動減震結構系統之實驗驗證 ................57
5.3 模擬結果分析 ...............................73
5.4 實驗結果分析 ...............................76
第六章、結論及未來工作 .............................78
6.1 結論 ......................................78
6.2 未來工作 ...................................79
參考資料 ..........................................80
附錄A .............................................84

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