臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

水稻是單子葉植物，有亞洲栽培稻Oryza sativa（Asian rice）和非洲
栽培稻Oryza glaberrima（African rice）兩種。作為穀物，在大部分的世界人口中，尤其是亞洲，屬最重要的糧食作物之ㄧ。根據2009 年的數據，
在全球生產糧食的產量中，稻米產量排世界第三大，僅次於玉米和小麥。
本研究發現經食源性誘導之C57BL / 6 mice 呈現高血糖、高尿糖、體
重上升等非胰島素依賴型糖尿病症狀；此外，二至八組小鼠皆有頻渴、
多尿、貪食等症狀。抗氧化實驗中，DPPH 自由基清除的效力以TNG 78 水萃取物清除率最佳，紫米水萃取物次之。餐後血糖變化值實驗中，TNG 78 血糖上升幅度較小，下降幅度較快。糙米之水萃取物對α-葡萄糖苷酶具抑制作用，
在100 mg/ mL 之濃度時，TK 9, TNG 76, Purple Rice 水萃取物皆具五成以上的抑制率，Purple Rice 水萃取物的抑制率甚至高達九成。
連續以口服方式投與糙米粗萃物至C57BL / 6 mice（第二型糖尿病鼠），實驗鼠有體重減輕趨勢，其中又以TNG 76（減少18.1 ％）效果最為顯著。連續服用TNG 76 水萃取物達4 週、8 週後，血糖值表現僅次於西藥ACTOS®，未來可作為發展機能性米食之重要標的。
關鍵字：血糖調整，抗氧化，糖尿病

Paddy is the seed of the monocotyledon Oryza sativa (Asian rice) or Oryza glaberrima (African rice). As a cereal grain, it is the most important staple food for a large part of the world''s human population, especially in Asia.
According to data for 2009, it is the grain with the third-highest worldwide production, after maize (corn) and wheat.
This study found that foodborne-induced C57BL / 6 mice. Showing symptoms of the high blood sugar, urine sugar, weight gain, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; In addition,two to seven mice all frequency thirst, polyuria, bulimia and other symptoms. Anti-oxidation experiments, the DPPH radical scavenging effect as TNG 78 water extract clearance in purple rice water extract followed. The
experiment of postprandial blood glucose values, in TNG 78 glucose rise less rapid decline. Water extract of brown rice with alpha-glucosidase inhibition at 100 mg / mL concentration, TK, in TNG 76, over half of the inhibition rate by the respective fields of the Purple Rice water extract, Purple Rice, water extract The inhibitory rate even as high as 90%. Orally continuously invested with brown rice extracts to C57BL / 6 mice.
(DM II), mice weight loss trends, among which in TNG 76(18.1%) the effect is most significant. Continuous take in TNG 76 water extracts of up to four weeks, eight weeks after the performance of blood glucose value safter
Western medicine ACTOS®, can be used as the major target of the development of functional grains.
Key words：plasma glucose lowering activity, antioxidant, Diabetes Mellitus

摘要................................................................................................................I
Abstract..........................................................................................................II
誌謝............................................................................................................. III
壹、前言....................................................................................................... 1
貳、文獻回顧................................................................................................ 4
第一節 稻米之介紹............................................................................. 4
第二節 花青素（anthocyanins；ACN）........................................... 12
第三節 抗氧化之探討....................................................................... 18
第四節 糖尿病（Diabetes mellitus, DM）........................................ 22
第一型糖尿病（Insulin-dependent diabetic mellitus；IDDM） ... 27
第二型糖尿病（non-insulin-dependentdiabetes mellitus；NIDDM）
........................................................................................................ 27
特異型糖尿病（Other specific types） ......................................... 29
妊娠糖尿病（Gestational diabetes mellitus, GDM) ....................... 29
第五節 研究目的............................................................................... 34
叁、材料與方法.......................................................................................... 39
第一節 實驗設計................................................................................. 39
第二節 實驗動物................................................................................. 40
第三節 實驗儀器................................................................................. 41
V
第四節 實驗材料、試劑與藥品.......................................................... 43
第五節 實驗方法................................................................................. 48
肆、結果..................................................................................................... 52
伍、討論..................................................................................................... 57
陸、結論..................................................................................................... 58
參考文獻..................................................................................................... 59

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