臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文開發一套具雙移動式電極的非直接接觸式心電訊號(Indirect-Contact Electrocardiography, IDC-ECG)量測系統，可以有效降低移動雜訊並提高訊號品質，同時提出一即時判斷心電訊號品質好壞之指標(Quality Index, QI)，可以在訊號不佳情況下剔除不佳的訊號，降低了R波、心率與心率變異度參數計算的錯誤。在實驗中，設計3種身體移動之動作，包括靜止不動、身體前後傾仰、身體左右轉、身體前側壓(左、右)與身體後側壓(左、右)等，並與單移動式電極比較量測效能與評估其訊號品質，同時驗證訊號品質演算法之效能。
在實驗結果中，採用雙移動式電極所量測訊號的R波錯誤率為12.41%，相較於採用單移動式電極的錯誤率28.86% 明顯的減少，因此使用雙移動式電極之非直接接觸式心電量測系統可使訊號品質顯著提升；而訊號品質指標演算法經驗證後，能將雙移動式電極原本錯誤率由12.41% 降低至2.66%，單移動式電極的錯誤率由28.86% 降低為3.26%，證明了在系統中加入訊號品質指標能有效剔除大量不佳訊號。

In this thesis, an indirect-contact electrocardiography (IDC-ECG) measurement system using dual movable electrodes has been developed, and it can reduce motion artifacts and increase signal quality effectively. A “Quality Index” algorithm has also been proposed to assess signal quality. If signal quality is bad, we can avoid bad signal from calculating QRS wave, heart rate and heart rate variability to get more correct results. In the experiments, we design three actions such as sitting stable, moving forward and backward, turning left and right, moving front left, moving front right, moving rear left and moving rear right to evaluate the signal quality between dual movable electrodes and single movable electrodes and assess Quality Index algorithm’s performance.
In experiment results, the R peak error rate of the dual movable electrodes is 12.41% which is lower than single movable electrodes’ 28.86%. Besides, Quality index algorithm can reduce R peak error rate in dual movable electrodes from 12.41% to 2.66% and single movable electrodes from 28.86% to 3.26%. The results prove that system with Quality Index algorithm can reduce most motion signal and bad signal.

中文摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 VIII
第一章、 緒論 9
1.1 動機與目的 9
1.2 文獻探討 11
1.3 相關論文比較 13
1.4 論文架構 15
第二章、 背景與原理 16
2.1 心電圖 16
2.1.1 12導程心電圖 16
2.1.2 心電訊號相關參數 18
2.2 電容式感應 20
2.3 可移動式電極 21
2.4 微控制器 22
2.5 藍牙模組 23
2.6 微控制器開發軟體 24
2.7 印刷電路板開發軟體 24
第三章、 研究方法 26
3.1 系統設計 26
3.1.1 電容式主動電極 28
3.1.1.1 電極材質、大小與安裝位置 30
3.1.1.2 接觸壓力感測 31
3.1.2 可移動裝置控制單元 33
3.1.3 類比訊號處理單元 37
3.1.3.1 濾波器設計 37
3.1.3.2 放大器設計 41
3.1.4 微控制器單元 42
3.1.5 電腦端介面 44
3.2 演算法 45
3.2.1 型態學濾波器與數位濾波器 45
3.2.2 訊號品質演算法 48
3.2.3 QRS波偵測演算法 50
3.3 標準參考心電訊號 51
3.4 動作姿態量測裝置 52
第四章、 實驗結果與討論 54
4.1 實驗設計 54
4.2 實驗設置 56
4.3 實驗結果波形 56
4.4 雙/單移動式電極之訊號可用度比較 64
4.5 訊號品質演算法效能 67
4.6 雙/單移動式電極結果討論 69
4.7 訊號品質指標演算法效能討論 69
4.8 衣服厚度、材質與濕度討論 70
第五章、 結論與未來展望 72
第六章、 參考文獻 73
附錄 79

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