臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

凱特．蕭邦(Kate Chopin)的《覺醒》(The Awakening)一直被女性主義者視為具象徵意義之女性主義文本，本書目前唯一的中文譯本譯者為楊瑛美女士，由宣傳女性主義文本所著稱的女書出版社發行。本研究旨在採用非女性主義的手法重譯此作品，平淡女性主義的色彩，試圖吸引對女性主義文本無特殊偏好的讀者群。首先，利用肯妮(Françoise Massardier-Kenney)所歸納之「女性主義翻譯策略」分析楊女士採用的翻譯策略，發現楊女士有意將安德娜男性化、並運用標點符號來突顯安德娜的女性主體性，以此彰顯此小說為女性主義讀本。此外，楊女士的譯文也有部份誤譯、用詞不當、錯別字以及詞彙艱深的情況。筆者採奈達(Eugene Nida)所提「動態對等」之翻譯技巧，使用目的語的習慣用語，來譯出符合台灣讀者的譯文，並從非女性主義視角出發，視安德娜為一個獨特的女性個體，其覺醒並非來自追求獨立或自由，而是來自安德娜從情慾中覺醒後，進而了解生命中身為人所必須承受巨大的孤寂感，逐漸被孤寂所吞沒，最後選擇走向死亡。本文最後進行小型調查，以開放式的問卷了解讀者對筆者譯文的反應，以年齡介於23到32歲之間擁有大學或碩士學歷的五男五女為樣本讀者。調查結果顯示大多數的樣本讀者較偏好筆者非女性主義翻譯手法的譯文，女性讀者能夠體會筆者譯文所呈現安德娜的孤寂感，男性讀者則意識到安德娜的情慾，從結果可大致推測，以非女性主義翻譯手法來翻譯此小說或許能夠提供讀者不同詮釋。

Kate Chopin''s The Awakening is interpreted as a significant feminist text by feminist advocators. The only available Chinese translation of the novel in Taiwan is translated by Yang Ing-mei and published by Fembooks Publishing House which is noted for its promotion of feminism. This project aims to adopt a non-feminist approach in the retranslation of the text to reverse the feminist elements. It is my intention to attract the attention of general readers who might not have special interests in feminism or who may not read Kate Chopin''s The Awakening as a feminist text. In this thesis, Yang''s translation is first analyzed. Feminist translation strategies proposed by Françoise Massardier-Kenney are used to analyze which feminist translation strategies Yang adopts to interpret the novel. It is found that Yang purposely emphasizes the novel as a feminist text through masculization of Edna, accentuation of Edna''s subjectivity, and the use of punctuation to highlight female subjectivities. Also, some flaws such as mistranslation, inappropriate wordings and typos in her translation are examined, and her elevated expressions are also discussed. In order to produce a translation for a broader scope of Chinese readers, Eugene Nida''s dynamic equivalence are then adopted as translation strategy. Current idiomatic usage and a non-feminist approach are used to translate this novel. In my interpretation, Edna is sensually awakened and she senses her unbeatable solitude rather than the desire for independence and freedom. By accentuating Edna''s sensual awakening and amplifying her sense of solitude, I attempt to view Edna as an ordinary woman and a unique human being. Finally, a small-scale survey is conducted to investigate the reader''s response through questionnaires with four open-ended questions to see how my translation is received by general readers. The ten respondents are five females and five males, whose age ranges from 23 to 32, with college or master’s degrees. The results show that the majority of the respondents prefer my non-feminist approach. Female respondents are able to better perceive Edna''s sense of solitude, while male ones are more aware of Edna''s sensuality presented in my translation. The result indicates that a non-feminist approach to translating this novel could provide readers with different interpretation to appreciate this novel.

Chinese Abstract…i
English Abstract…ii
Acknowledgements…iv
Table of Contents…v
List of Tables…vii
List of Figures…viii

Chapter 1 Introduction…1
1-1 Kate Chopin and The Awakening (1899)…1
1-2 Summary of The Awakening…4
1-3 The Chinese Translation of The Awakening in Taiwan…5
1-4 The Motives and Purposes of My Retranslation…7
1-5 Outline of the Thesis…8

Chapter 2 Literature Review…10
2-1 Critical Literature Reviews on The Awakening…10
2-2 Françoise Massardier-Kenney''s Feminist Translation Strategies…13
2-2-1 Author-centered Strategies…14
2-2-2 Translator-centered Strategies…15
2-3 Eugene Nida''s Dynamic Equivalence Model…17
2-3-1 Translation Techniques…18
2-3-2 Translation Procedures…20

Chapter 3 Analysis of Yang Ing-mei''s Translation…24
3-1 Yang Ing-mei''s Translation Strategies…24
3-2 Masculization of Edna…27
3-3 Accentuation of Edna''s Subjectivity…29
3-4 The Use of Punctuation to Highlight Female Subjectivities…30
3-5 Flaws in Yang''s Translation…32
3-5-1 Mistranslation…32
3-5-2 Inappropriate Wordings…36
3-5-3 Typos…38
3-6 Elevated Expressions…39

Chapter 4 Comparison of My Translation with Yang''s Translation…40
4-1 Idiomatic Usage…40
4-2 Womanization of Edna…43
4-3 Accentuation of Edna''s Sensual Awakening…45
4-4 Amplification of Edna''s Solitude…48

Chapter 5 Reader Response…52
5-1 Survey…52
5-2 Questionnaires…53
5-2-1 Q1: Do you prefer Yang Ing-mei''s translation to mine?Why?…53
5-2-2 Q2: Would you consider purchasing my translated work if it is published?…54
5-2-3 Q3: Can you perceive Edna''s awakening of sensuality and solitude through my translation…55
5-2-4 Q4: What do you think about Edna?…55
5-3 Summary…55

Chapter 6 My Chinese Translation of Kate Chopin''s
The Awakening…57

References…124
Appendix…126

Baker, M. (1992). In Other Words. London & New York: Routledge.

Baker, M. (Ed.). (1998). Encyclopedia of Translation Studies. London and New York: Routledge.

Baxter, Judith. (Ed.). (1996). The Awakening and Other Stories. (4th ed.). United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.

Eble, Kenneth. (1956). A Forgotten Novel. Western Humanities Review, 10(2), 261-269.

Dyer, Joyce. (1980). Kate Chopin''s Sleeping Bruties. Markham Review, 10, 10-15.

Fembooks website (2001). Fembooks Publishing House& bookstore. Retrieved May 30, 2007, from http://www.fembooks.com.tw/index.htm.

Fox-Genovese, Elizabeth. (1979). Kate Chopin''s The Awakening. Southern Studies, 18, 261-290.

Gulley, Margo. (Ed.). (1994). The Awakening: An Authoritative Text, Biographical and Historical Contexts Criticism. (2nd ed.). New York: W. W. Norton & Company.

Hatim, Basil. (2001). Teaching and Researching Translation. (Candlin, Christopher N., & Hall, David R. Eds). (1st ed.). Essex: Person Education.

Huang, Wen-fan. (1990). Fanyi xinyu (My Experiences on Translation). Taipei:Dongda.

Huang, Wen-fan. (1997). Fanyi xiaoyu (A Translator''s Notes). Taipei: Bookman.

Koloski, Bernard. (Ed.). (1988). Approaches to Teaching Chopin''s The Awakening. (4th ed.). New York: The Modern Language Association of America.

Lin, Yu-tang. (1975). Wusuo butan heji (The Collection of Discussions on Various Topics). Taipei: Taiwan Kaiming.

Liu, Mi-qing. (1993). Dangdai fanyi lilun (Present-day Translation Studies). Taipei: Bookman.

Massardier-Kenney, Françoise. (1997). Towards a Redefinition of Feminist Translation Practice In The Translator. vol. 3, 55-69.

Munday, Jeremy. (2001). Introducing Translation Studies: Theories and Applications. London & New York: Routledge.

Nida, Eugene A. (1964). Toward A Science of Translating: With Special Reference to Principles and Procedures Involved in Bible Translating. Leiden: E. J. Brill.

Qiao, Zhi-gao., Hu, Zi-dan. (Eds.). (1979). Fanyi yinyuan (On Translation). Taipei: International Translation Service.

Shuttleworth, Mark., & Cowie, Moira. (Eds.). (1997). Dictionary of Translation Studies. Manchester: St. Jerome.

Simon, Sherry. (1996). Gender in Translation. London & New York: Routledge.

Toth, Emily. (1988). A New Bibliographical Approach. In Bernard Koloski (Ed.), Approaches to Teaching Chopin’s The Awakening (pp. 60-66). New York: MLA.

Venuti, Lawrence. (2004). Retranslations: The Creation of Value. In Katerine M. Faull (Ed.), Translation & Culture. Lewisburg: Bucknell UP.

Venuti, Lawrence. (1995). The Translator''s Invisibility. London and New York: Routledge.

Walker, Nancy. (1979). Feminist or Naturalist: The Social of Kate Chopin’s The Awakening. Southern Quarterly, 17, 95-103.

Weissbort, Daniel., & Eysteinsson, Astradur. (Eds.). (2006). Translation: Theory and Practice. New York: Oxford University Press.

Yang, Ing-mei. (1996). Juexing (The Awakening). Taipei: Fembooks Publishing House.