臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

　　具有光學透明性，便攜性，機械可撓性，重量輕和環保的多功能電子產品是下一代智能電子產品的重要訴求。憶阻器和超級電容器分別代表下一代器件中作為信息和能量存儲組件的重要鏈。 本論文採用脈衝雷射沉積和濺射方法在白雲母上製備了氧化鎳（NiO）和摻鋁氧化鋅（AZO）。 通過改變條件參數，異質結構的表面型態控制將適合於開發不同的應用：
我們設計了基於范德瓦爾斯異質磊晶AZO / NiO / AZO /白雲母（ANA /白雲母）的透明柔性結構，用於憶阻器應用。 （ANA /白雲母）憶阻器滿足透明軟裝置的嚴格要求，例如可見光下80％以上的光學透明度和高性能，ON / OFF電阻比> 105，穩定耐久性103次，保留時間長 105秒。此外，ANA /白雲母憶阻器可以在最低5 mm的曲率半徑下工作，在半徑為6.5 mm的曲率和高達185 oC的高溫下進行1000次循環後的機械彎曲。
通過射頻磁控濺射沉積法在白雲母上製備AZO奈米柱（NRs）和具有NiO層的AZO NRs。 AZO NRs和AZO / NiO NRs作為下一代應用的電極具有優異的性能，即在1000次彎曲循環以及壓縮、拉伸測試低至5 mm彎曲半徑的情況下，依舊保有良好的導電性，高透明度和穩定的片電阻。本對稱固態超級電容器基於這些電極，展現了良好的性能，大面積比電容為3.4 mF / cm2，循環壽命長1000次，機械性能穩定與高化學穩定性。這些結果提供了一個概念，在透明可撓元件中，替訊號和能源存儲中的未來應用開闢了新的機會。

Multifunctional electronics featuring optical transparency, portability, mechanical flexibility, light-weight and environment-friendly are of great demands for next-generation smart electronics. Memristor and supercapacitor represents the important chains in next-generation devices as the information and/or energy storage components, respectively. In this thesis, nickel oxide (NiO) and aluminum doped zinc oxide (AZO) are fabricated on muscovite via pulsed laser deposition and sputtering method. By changing the morphology of heterostructure are suitable to develop some advantage applications:
We design the transparent flexible structure based on van der Waals heteroepitaxial AZO/NiO/AZO/muscovite (ANA/muscovite) for a memristor application. The ANA/muscovite memristor satisfies all the hardest requirements of a transparent soft device such as optical transparency over 80 % in visible light and high performance with an ON/OFF resistance ratio >105, stable endurance to 103 cycles and long retention time of 105 s. In addition, the ANA/muscovite memristor can work at various bending radii down to 5 mm, a mechanical bending after 1000 cycles at a curvature with a radius of 6.5 mm and a high temperature up to 185 oC.
On the other hand, AZO nanorod (NRs) and NiO coated AZO NRs on muscovite mica are fabricated via radio frequency magnetron sputtering deposition method. AZO NRs and AZO/NiO NRs exhibit excellent properties as potential electrodes for next-generation applications as good conductivity, high transparency, stable sheet resistance under compressive and tensile strain down to 5 mm bending radius or mechanical strain after 1000 bending cycles. The obtained symmetric solid-state supercapacitor based on these electrodes display good performance with a large areal specific capacitance of 3.4 mF/cm2, long cycle life 1000 times, robust mechanical properties and high chemical stability. These results deliver a concept to open up new opportunities for future applications in transparent flexible information and energy storage.

Contents
Abstract i
Chinese Abstract iii
Acknowledgments v
Contents vi
List of Figures ix
List of Tables xiii
Chapter 1. Introduction 1
1.1 Memristors 1
1.2 Supercapacitors 2
1.2.1 Electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) 3
1.2.2 Pseudocapacitors 4
1.2.3 Hybrid supercapacitors 5
1.3 Literature review and research gaps 5
1.3.1 Literature review 5
1.3.2 Research Gaps 6
1.3.2.1 Transition metal oxide 7
1.3.2.2 Muscovite 10
1.4 Thesis outline 13
Chapter 2. Experimental Methods 14
2.1 Deposition techniques 14
2.1.1 Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) 14
2.1.2 Sputtering 16
2.2 Characterization techniques 17
2.2.1 Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) 18
2.2.2 Scanning electron microscope (SEM) 19
2.2.3 Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) 20
2.2.4 X-ray diffraction (XRD) 21
2.2.5 Ultraviolet-Visible spectroscopy (UV-vis) 22
2.2.6 Sheet resistance 23
2.3 Memory characterizations 25
2.4 Electrochemical measurements 25
2.5 Machenical analysis 26
Chapter 3. van der Waals Heteroepitaxial AZO/NiO/AZO/Muscovite (ANA/muscovite) Transparent Flexible Memristor 28
3.1 Introduction 28
3.2 Characterization of the ANA/muscovite 30
3.3 Characterization of the memristor behavior 36
3.4 Mechanism of the memristor behavior 40
3.5 The memristor behavior under high-temperature environment 42
3.6 The memristor behavior under mechanical flexibility environment 47
3.7 Conclusions 51
3.8 Material and methods 52
Chapter 4. Transparent Flexible Heteroepitaxy of AZO/NiO Nanorods on Muscovite for Enhanced Energy Storage Performance 54
4.1 Introduction 54
4.2 Optimize the condition growth AZO NRs and AZO/NiO NRs on muscovite 56
4.3 Analysis of the AZO/NiO NRs heteroepitaxial structure 58
4.4 Electricity and flexibility of AZO/NiO NRs 60
4.5 Supercapacitor performance 62
4.6 Battery application 66
4.6 Conclusion 69
4.7 Experimental method 69
4.7.1 Growth electrode by sputtering 69
4.7.2 Structural and Electrical Characterizations. 70
4.7.3 Electrochemical characterization 70
Chapter 5. Summary 72
References 75
CURRICULUM VITAE 96

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