臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究利用簡易的水熱法合成單壁奈米碳管/鎳鈷錳氫氧化物(SWCNT-NCMH)之複合奈米材料，並將此作為超級電容器之電極材料。在此次實驗中，我們分別以不同前驅物之重量比來合成單壁奈米碳管/鎳鈷錳氫氧化物，分別有10:90、30:70以及50:50，再從中找出比電容值最佳之比例。
本研究使用掃描式電子顯微鏡、X光繞射光譜以及X光光電子能譜分析複合電極中的形貌與結構。此外利用循環伏安法及定電流充放電法量測複合電極在1 M 氫氧化鉀電解液中之電化學特性。其比電容值與長時間穩定性的分析之量測電位範圍為0~0.6 V、掃描速率範圍以及電流密度範圍分別為2~100 mV s−1與1~50 A g−1。SWCNT-NCMH (10:90)奈米複合電極在電流密度1 A g−1下，表現出高達1520 F g−1的比電容值，並且在10000次循環後，仍具有約64 %之電容維持率。而SWCNT-NCMH (30:70)奈米複合電極在10000次循環後則有更高的電容維持率(68 %)，和鎳鈷錳氫氧化物相比具有更好的循環穩定性。而在實際應用上，SWCNT-NCMH // SWCNT非對稱超級電容器具有良好的可撓性。以上的數據顯示SWCNT-NCMH複合電極是具有發展潛力的超級電容器材料。

Nanohybrid materials that combine single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with Ni-Co-Mn hydroxide (SWCNT-NCMH) have been prepared by a facile hydrothermal process and investigated for the first time as electrode material for supercapacitors (SCs). The SWCNT-NCMH (10:90) nanohybrid electrode exhibits high capacitance of 1520 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 and displays better cycle stability than NCMH electrode with capacitance retention of ~ 64 % after 10000 cycles, while SWCNT-NCMH (30:70) nanohybrid electrode shows the higher rate retention of 63 % from 1 A g−1 (1102 F g−1) to 50 A g−1 (692 F g−1) and better capacitance retention of ~ 68 % after 10000 cycles than pure NCMH and SWCNT-NCMH (10:90). Furthermore, the charge transfer mechanism of NCMH during charge/discharge have been investigated through in-situ X-ray absorption near-edge spectra. To demonstrate practical application, SWCNT-NCMH//SWCNT asymmetric SCs were assembled with good flexibility, indicating great potential for flexible SC applications.

摘要--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ⅰ
Abstract---------------------------------------------------------------------------Ⅱ
致謝--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ⅲ
目錄--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ⅵ
圖目錄------------------------------------------------------------------------------X
表目錄---------------------------------------------------------------------------XⅣ
第一章 緒論---------------------------------------------------------------------1
1-1 引言----------------------------------------------------------------------1
1-2 研究動機----------------------------------------------------------------2
第二章 超級電容器文獻回顧------------------------------------------------4
2-1 超級電容器簡介-------------------------------------------------------4
2-2 超級電容器之理論與原理-------------------------------------------9
2-2-1 電化學雙層電容(EDLC)-----------------------------------9
2-2-2 擬電容(Pseudocapacitance)------------------------------11
2-3 電化學雙層電容之電極材料--------------------------------------13
2-3-1 奈米碳管的結構-------------------------------------------14
2-3-2 奈米碳管的特性-------------------------------------------14
2-4 擬電容之電極材料--------------------------------------------------16
2-4-1 鎳鈷錳氫氧化物-------------------------------------------17
2-4-2 鎳鈷錳氫氧化物儲能機制-------------------------------19
2-5 複合電極材料--------------------------------------------------------19
2-5-1 複合電極材料簡介----------------------------------------19
2-5-2 碳材/金屬氧化物及碳材/金屬氫氧化物複合電極--20
2-6 電化學原理及應用--------------------------------------------------21
2-6-1 電化學原理-------------------------------------------------21
2-6-2 電容值量測-------------------------------------------------24
第三章 實驗步驟與研究方法-----------------------------------------------30
3-1 實驗流程--------------------------------------------------------------30
3-2 實驗步驟--------------------------------------------------------------31
3-2-1 水熱法合成電極材料-------------------------------------31
3-2-2 電極製備與分析-------------------------------------------32
3-3 實驗設備及分析儀器----------------------------------------------34
3-3-1 場發射式掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)----------------------34
3-3-2 X光繞射光譜儀(XRD)-----------------------------------34
3-3-3 感應耦合電漿原子發射光譜儀(ICP-OES)------------34
3-3-4 熱重分析(TGA)--------------------------------------------35
3-3-5 臨場X光吸收光譜(In-situ XAS)-----------------------35
3-3-6 X光光電子能譜(XPS)------------------------------------36
3-3-7 掃描穿透式電子顯微鏡(STEM)------------------------37
3-3-8 電化學量測系統-------------------------------------------37
第四章 結果與討論-----------------------------------------------------------39
4-1 成份分析--------------------------------------------------------------39
4-2 表面分析--------------------------------------------------------------41
4-3 結構分析--------------------------------------------------------------47
4-4 電化學分析----------------------------------------------------------48
4-5 長時間穩定性分析--------------------------------------------------51
4-6 可撓式非對稱電極裝置--------------------------------------------52
第五章 結論--------------------------------------------------------------------58
參考文獻--------------------------------------------------------------------------60

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