臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本文研製之順滑模態控制器應用在降壓型直流轉換器電路，改善過去使用誤差狀態方程式設計順滑模態控制器時必須掌握負載狀況的缺點，以及為了估測負載降低系統精確度與響應速度的缺點。我們利用轉換矩陣法選取一順滑函數，並額外加入輸出電壓與命令電壓之誤差函數的積分，使系統在順滑平面上是穩定的，再決定系統的控制法則，使系統軌跡在有限時間內接觸到順滑平面。
本文利用此順滑模態控制器產生控制開關狀態的責任週期，經由固定頻率切換的脈波寬度調變控制Buck 直流轉換器，使其輸出電壓到達期望值，並且不因負載變動影響系統之穩定。利用MATLAB/SIMULINK 模擬上述直流轉換器與順滑模態控制器，由模擬結果驗證系統對於不同負載均能產生穩定的責任週期，使輸出電壓到達正確值，而且當負載變動時，控制器也具有不錯的暫態響應。

A sliding mode controller with the error integration between output voltage and command voltage for PWM-based Buck DC-DC converter is proposed. Constant switching frequency can be achieved with the proposed approach. For the controller design, this thesis adopts sliding mode control theorem because of its well-know robustness for system uncertainty. Without load estimator in the controller, this closed-loop system ideally should convert power flow into the prescribed form in spite of the load variation. With the unknown load condition we choose a sliding function with an integral term of error function such that the system is stabilized on the sliding surface. Then design the control algorithm such that the system reaches the sliding mode in a finite time. The simulation of the proposed closed-loop control scheme is illustrated to process fast transient response and robustness to load variation.

中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
致謝 iii
目錄 iv
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景……………………………………………………. 1
1.2 文獻回顧……………………………………………………. 3
1.3 研究方法與本文架構………………………………………. 5

第二章 Buck DC-DC Converter之數學模型 6
2.1 狀態空間平均法建立切換式電源轉換器之數學模型……. 6
2.1.1 電路結構…………………………………………………..... 7
2.1.2 動作原理……………………………………………………. 8
2.1.3 狀態空間法建立模型………………………………………. 11
2.2 考慮非理想Buck DC-DC Converter之狀態方程式………. 14
2.2.1 片段線性模型………………………………………………. 14
2.2.2 利用狀態空間法建立Buck DC-DC Converter之模型……. 16
2.3 模型分析……………………………………………………. 20
2.3.1 穩定性與控制性……………………………………………. 20
2.3.2 不確定量分析………………………………………………. 22

第三章 Buck DC-DC Converter之順滑控制器設計 24
3.1 順滑模態控制理論介紹……………………………………. 24
3.1.1 順滑模態控制原理…………………………………………. 25
3.1.2 順滑函數之選擇－以單輸入雙線性系統為例……………. 31
3.2 設計Buck DC-DC Converter之順滑控制器………………. 34
3.2.1 選擇順滑函數………………………………………………. 35
3.2.2 誤差函數積分項在順滑函數中的影響……………………. 38
3.2.3 控制法則……………………………………………………. 41
第四章 Buck DC-DC Converter之系統設計與模擬 43
4.1 系統規格與設計……………………………………………. 43
4.1.1 電感設計……………………………………………………. 44
4.1.2 輸出電容設計………………………………………………. 46
4.1.3 順滑模態控制器設計………………………………………. 48
4.2 數值模擬……………………………………………………. 50
4.2.1 數值模擬，未加入控制器輸出飽和函數…………………. 51
4.2.2 數值模擬，加入控制器輸出飽和函數……………………. 54
4.3 以MATLAB/SIMULINK的電力電子模組模擬………….. 58
4.3.1 高負載模擬…………………………………………………. 59
4.3.2 低負載模擬…………………………………………………. 61

第五章 結論與未來展望 65
參考文獻 ………………………………………………………………. 66
附 錄 ………………………………………………………………. 69

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