臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

遊客之破壞行為，不僅造成遊憩環境劣化，更增加管理及維護成本，各遊憩管理單位雖積極防治破壞行為，但問題卻仍舊存在。而破壞行為中尤以遊客亂丟垃圾最為常見，且較難有效規範。因此，若能了解遊客亂丟垃圾行為之影響因素，應有助於遊憩管理單位制定有效之防治策略。
關於影響環境行為或破壞行為因子的探討，大多分為兩類，個人內部因素(動機、態度等)對行為的影響與外部因素(法規、情境等)對行為的影響。因此本研究將以陽明山遊客亂丟垃圾行為為例，探討ㄧ、環境態度(內部)對亂丟垃圾行為意向之影響；二、情境(外部)是否會干擾環境態度(內部)與亂丟垃圾行為意向間的關係。
本研究探討的情境因素為環境暗示與法規限制兩項因子，以實驗設計的概念將環境暗示區分為環境整潔與環境髒亂兩個水準；法規限制則區分為有無禁止亂丟垃圾的告示牌兩種水準，交叉組合後，共設計出四個不同情境之問卷。並以心理學中投射法的說故事法設計情境內容，請400位受訪者假設置身於情境中作答(每個情境100位)，有效問卷回收率約96.5%。
研究結果顯示遊客在環境髒亂的情境下，環境態度越高的遊客亂丟垃圾行為意向越低，破壞行為越不容易發生。而在環境整潔與有無告示牌的情境中，環境態度是無法去預測其亂丟垃圾行為意向。結果亦發現情境與環境態度之交互作用對亂丟垃圾行為意向不具影響力，表示情境對環境態度與亂丟垃圾行為意向不具干擾的效果。亦即情境此因素並不會影響到環境態度與亂丟垃圾行為意向間的關係。

The vandalism of people not only cause deterioration but also increases manage-ment and maintenance costs of recreation areas. Many management institutions have done a lot to prevent vandalism, however, the effects is limited. If the influence factors of vandalism can be fully realized, authorities may able to make good strategies to solve the problem.
Littering probably is the most common vandalism and is pretty difficult to be pre-vented. Visitors’ littering behavior of Yang-Ming-Shan National Park had been used as case in this study. Three hundreds and eighty six mail questionnaire were collected and used as data been analyzed.
Human’s behaviors basically are influenced by two factors: individual internal factors (i.e. motives and attitudes) and external factors (regulations and scenarios). The purposes of this research are to realize: 1. If people’s littering are influenced by their environmental attitudes (internal factor). 2. If people’s littering are interfered by the scenarios (external factor) of a recreation area. Both releaser cues (tidy or dirty envi-ronment) and regulations (have littering-prohibition warning bulletins or not) are de-signed as scenarios. After using cross combination, the author had designed a mail ques-tionnaire with four different scenarios and each scenario uses psychological projection to make situations.
The results indicate that under a dirty environment, whether there is a warning bul-letin or not, the higher environmental attitudes people have, the lower intention they do littering. However, in a tidy environment and using warning bulletin scenario, humans’ environmental attitudes cannot predict their littering intention. The interaction between scenarios and environmental attitudes do not affect littering intention. It means scenar-ios cannot cause moderating effect in environmental attitudes and littering intentions. Thus, scenarios do not affect the relationship between environmental attitudes and lit-tering intentions.

內容目錄
中文摘要　．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． iii
英文摘要　．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． v
誌謝辭　　．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． vii
內容目錄　．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． viii
表目錄　　．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． x
圖目錄　　．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． xi
第一章　　緒論．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 1
　　第一節　　研究背景與動機．．．．．．．．．．．． 1
　　第二節　　研究問題與目的．．．．．．．．．．．． 2
　　第三節　　研究範圍與對象．．．．．．．．．．．． 5
　　第四節　　研究流程．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 6
第二章　　文獻回顧．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 7
　　第一節　　破壞行為．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 7
　　第二節　　環境態度之探討．．．．．．．．．．．． 16
　　第三節　　情境因素．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 21
　　第四節　　文獻結論．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 24
第三章　　研究設計．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 25
　　第一節　　研究架構．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 25
　　第二節　　研究假設．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 25
　　第三節　　操作性定義．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 27
　　第四節　　問卷設計．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 28
　　第五節　　資料分析方法．．．．．．．．．．．．． 33
　　第六節　　預試．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 34
第四章　　研究結果與分析．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 38
　　第一節　　樣本特性分析．．．．．．．．．．．．． 38
　　第二節　　遊客環境態度分析．．．．．．．．．．． 41
　　第三節　　亂丟垃圾行為意向之分析．．．．．．．． 44
　　第四節　　情境、環境態度與亂丟垃圾行為意向
　　　　　　　關係之分析．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 48
第五章　　結論與建議．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 53
　　第一節　　研究結論．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 53
　　第二節　　研究建議．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 55
註釋．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 58
參考文獻．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 59
附錄　　研究問卷．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 73

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