臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究以異丙醇-環己烷-水作為研究主體，藉由商業化模擬軟體Aspen plus，配合其熱力學之物理性質，探討異相共沸蒸餾系統之程序設計與控制結構。本研究提出三種穩態設計方案，藉由比較其分離效益與能源耗費來選擇較佳之程序；由研究結果顯示，進料由共沸塔進入搭配回流至分相器之設計所需之能耗是最少的。進一步地，再藉由RGA與NI做控制系統之配對分析，以探討其可控制性。研究結果顯示，單獨共沸塔之操作其控制配對易隨操作條件與干擾變化，且控制配對沒有一致性。而雙塔操作之控制配對具有一致性的，所以雙塔控制可獲得較佳的控制效果。本研究証實雙塔控制可獲得高純度的異丙醇並同時具有穩定的蒸餾塔操作，其結果將可做為未來相關的異相共沸蒸餾系統之控制系統模擬與設計上的參考。

The objective of this study is to build up a simple control structure that will ensure precise composition control for the isopropyl alcohol– water–cyclohexane heterogeneous azeotropic distillation system. First, three different process configurations of the system found in the literature are studied. The optimum design configuration is chosen based on the minimum energy consumption of separation using the Aspen Plus software. Then, dual-composition control studies for a single heterogeneous column using the aqueous reflux ratio and reboiler duty as manipulated variables to maintain both the top and the bottoms compositions are investigated. It is found that the pairing of manipulated and controlled variables for the single column could not be consistent from the analyses of relative gain array (RGA) and Niderlinski index (NI). It could be said that the dual-composition control strategy for a single heterogeneous column may have difficulty in practice. On the other hand, if one considers the heterogeneous column without aqueous reflux, the connected recovery column, and the corresponding recycle stream of the optimum design configuration can be treated as a whole process. It is found that the paring of dual-composition control configuration for the complete process can be consistent by manipulating both the reboiler duties using the same analyses, i.e. RGA and NI. Finally, a dual-composition control scheme for the complete process using feedback and feedforward control techniques, but without composition analyzer, is recommended.

中文摘要 ..................................................... Ⅲ
英文摘要 ..................................................... Ⅳ
誌　　謝 ..................................................... Ⅴ
目　　錄 ..................................................... Ⅵ
表 目 錄 ..................................................... Ⅶ
圖 目 錄 ..................................................... Ⅷ
第一章 緒論 ................................................ 01
第二章 文獻回顧 ............................................ 05
第三章 雙塔設計與控制結構回顧 .............................. 10
第四章 設計與控制結構之探討 ................................ 17
第五章 結論 ................................................ 46
參考文獻 ..................................................... 47
附錄一 異丙醇-環己烷-水系統雙塔水相不回流操作之穩態數據 ..... 50
簡　　歷 ..................................................... 56

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