臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

隨著社會經濟發展，以節約天然資源為最優先，環境保護次之，應用於混凝土之工業副產品也隨之興起，以水淬高爐石、粉煤飛灰及矽灰等水泥替代材料(CRM)為主，並由漸增的建築業推廣和可持續性的標準應用於建築上。循環式流體化床燃燒技術(Circulated Fluidized Bed Combustion Technology, CFBC Technology)於近幾年來發展的一項燃燒發電技術，可燃燒石油焦，減少二氧化硫(SO2)和氮氧化物(NOX)排放的能力。本研究探討循環式流體化床飛灰和水淬高爐石粉混凝土之性能，以不同比例的CFBC飛灰、水淬高爐石粉及水泥作為膠凝材料，混合製成水泥砂漿試體及混凝土，進行抗壓強度試驗、長度變化量量測、硫酸鹽試驗、快速氯離子滲透試驗（RCPT）、碳化試驗，來研究其對於水泥砂漿及混凝土之影響，並探討CFBC飛灰、水淬高爐石粉及水泥之物理、化學性質，是否能以CFBC飛灰來鹼激發水淬高爐石粉之活性及其可行性，再利用CFBC飛灰及水淬高粉及水泥之反應機理及特性來驗證。
試驗結果顯示(1) CFBC飛灰有助於提升抵抗硫酸鹽之能力，但取代大量時，將影響其工作性能，並延長混凝土之初終凝時間；(2)添加水淬高爐石粉、CFBC飛灰及水泥，隨著水淬高爐石粉取代水泥量增加而增加，使孔隙變得更加緻密，將提高抵抗水分滲透之能力與抵抗氯離子滲透之能力，提供鋼筋有良好的保護；(3)水淬高爐石粉、水泥及CFBC飛灰混合之水泥，其物理性質大部分皆符合CNS 15286標準(水硬性混合水泥)之規定，唯有化學性質及物理性質中的混合水泥砂漿膨脹量未符合標準之規定；(4)CFBC飛灰主要成分為氧化鈣(CaO)及石膏(CaSO4)具有高鹼性，可激發水淬高爐石粉之潛在活性，能有效提高由水淬高爐石粉、CFBC飛灰及水泥混合水泥之抗壓強度。

With the development of social economy, natural resource saving and environmental protection are increased with years. Interest in the development of industrial by-products such as ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS), coal fly ash and silica fume etc. Cement replacement materials (CRM) have been promoted by the growth of the building industry and the higher sustainability criteria applied in construction. Circulating fluidized bed combustion (CFBC) is an advanced combustion technology for its capacity of burning low-grade petroleum and less SO2 and NOx emission. This study investigates the properties of concrete with CFBC fly ashes and GGBFS. Various ratios of GGBFS, CFBC fly ashes and cement as cementitious materials were mixed to produce mortars and concrete. In order to explore the CFBC fly ash, Ground Granulated Blast-furnace slag, cement physical and chemical properties. Compressive strength test, drying shrinkage measurement, sulfate resistance, rapid chloride penetration test (RCPT), and carbonation test were performed. Recycled the reaction mechanism and characteristics to validate of CFBC fly ash, Ground Granulated Blast-furnace slag and cement , Ground Granulated Blast-furnace slag activity and feasibility whether to the CFBC fly ash alkali activated.
The physical properties of cementitious mixtures blended with GGBFS, CFBC fly ashes and cement are in accordance with the requirements of CNS 15286 excluding the expansion of blended cement pastes. Test results show that CFBC fly ashes have a positive effect on sulfate attack resistance and increase the setting time of fresh concrete. The properties and durability of cement-based mixes with GGBFS and CFBC fly ashes, such as compressive strength, water permeability, total charge passed and sulfate attack resistance, the cement also replacement increased with increasing GGBFS. In addition, CFBC fly ashes have the potential capacity to alkali-activated GGBFS because its main chemical components are calcium oxide (CaO) and gypsum (CaSO4). Thus, the compressive strength of specimens blended with GGBFS, CFBC fly ashes and cement is improved.

摘要 I
Abstract II
目錄 III
圖次 V
表次 VII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1研究背景 1
1.2研究目的 1
1.3研究方法與流程 2
第二章 文獻回顧 4
2.1 CFBC飛灰來源與特性 4
2.1.1循環式流體化床鍋爐原理 4
2.1.2 CFBC灰種類 4
2.1.3 CFBC飛灰之特性 6
2.2石膏的水化機理 6
2.3 CFBC飛灰反應機理 8
2.4影響CFBC飛灰反應之因素 8
2.4.1 f-CaO與SO3的影響 8
2.4.2細度對CFBC飛灰之影響 9
2.4.3改變養護環境的影響 10
2.5水泥之水化特性 11
2.6混合水泥反應機理 12
2.7礦物摻料 13
2.7.1礦物摻料種類 13
2.7.2卜作嵐反應 14
2.8水淬高爐石粉 14
2.8.1 水淬高爐石粉物理化學性質 14
2.8.2水淬高爐石粉水化作用 15
第三章 試驗計畫 16
3.1試驗材料 16
3.2水泥、水淬高爐石粉、CFBC飛灰與粉煤飛灰之成分比較 18
3.3試驗方法 19
3.3.1 CFBC飛灰作為鹼激發劑(依ASTM C821)驗證 19
3.1.2 CFBC飛灰搭配水淬高爐石粉作為混合水泥(CNS 15286)之試驗 24
3.2配比設計與編號 25
3.3試驗方法與參考標準 28
3.4試驗設備 32
第四章 結果與討論 37
4.1新拌性質 37
4.1.1凝結時間試驗 37
4.1.2坍度試驗 37
4.2混合水泥砂漿之抗壓強度試驗 38
4.3體積穩定性試驗 42
4.4耐久性試驗 46
4.4.1透水試驗 46
4.4.2抗硫酸鹽試驗 46
4.4.3加速氯離子穿透試驗 48
4.4.4碳化試驗 49
4.5 CFBC飛灰作為鹼激發劑(依CNS 15286)之試驗結果 51
第五章 結論與建議 59
5.1結論 59
5.2建議 60
參考文獻 61

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