臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本文為透明突縮突擴圓管內以氮氣驅動流體之流場流型實驗觀測研究。本文研究以注入氣體所形成之一不斷裂長氣泡來驅動圓管內之非牛頓流體，並觀測其所產生之雙流體擠壓流型。進而探討此一長氣泡通過突縮或突擴段時的其所產生之擠壓輪廓與流型以及其穿透行為。
本文藉由影像擷取系統，並搭配控制氮氣流量、被驅動流體之黏度以及突縮突擴之發展夾角等參數。進行一系列之長氣泡擠壓流型觀測，並探討長氣泡於通過突縮突擴段前後之中空率變化。實驗結果可知，當氮氣流量、流體黏度以及突縮突擴圓管角度皆增加的狀態下，長氣泡的速度將會提高以致突縮突擴段中空率變小，而入口段之中空率只會受到前兩項參數影響，即中空率與毛細係數、威森堡數的關係皆成反比的情況。

The study presents the visualization of the Non-Newtonian fluid flow driven by a continuous long Nitrogen gas bubble in a circular tube with a sudden contraction and a sudden expansion. The characteristics of the flow patterns and the penetration behaviors are recorded as, categorized and studied.
The flow patterns is captured through a video capture device (DV). The controlling parameters of the experiments are the volumetric flow rate of Nitrogen, the viscosity of the expelled fluids and the sudden changed angle of the contraction and expansion portion in the circular tube. The fractional ratio is observed as the long gas bubble penetrates the fluid through the sudden contraction and the sudden expansion portion of the tube. The experiment results showed that when the volumetric flow rate of Nitrogen, the fluid viscosity or the angle of the sudden contraction and the sudden expansion protion of the circular tube increase, the velocity of the long bubble will also increase, causing a decreasing fractional ratio near the location of around the sudden contraction. The dominate parameters on the fractional ratio at the inlet are the volumetric flow rate of Nitrogen and the viscosity of the fluid. Also, the Capillary number and the Weissenberg number are inversely proportional to the fractional ratio.

中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
誌 謝 III
目 錄 V
圖目錄 IX
表目錄 XVI
符號說明 XVII
第一章 導論 1
1-1前言 1
1-2研究動機 2
1-3塑膠射出成型製程簡介 4
1-3-1傳統塑膠射出成型製程 4
1-3-2氣體輔助射出成型製程 5
1-4文獻回顧 9
1-5論文架構 12
第二章 非牛頓流體 13
2-1流體之分類 13
2-2羧甲基纖維素 (Csrboxy Methyl Cellulose) 14
2-2-1概述 14
2-2-2性質 14
2-3聚丙烯醯胺 (Polyacrylamide) 16
2-3-1概述 16
2-3-2性質 16
2-4聚丙烯酸鈉 (Polyacrylic Acid Sodium) 18
2-4-1概述 18
2-4-2性質 18
第三章 實驗設備與方法 19
3-1實驗流程 19
3-2實驗系統架構 21
3-3實驗設備 23
3-3-1實驗量測系統 23
3-3-2氣體與壓力控制單元 23
3-3-3光源 25
3-3-4流場影像拍攝系統 26
3-3-5觀測視窗 27
3-3-6實驗流體 28
3-4實驗方法與步驟 33
3-4-1 實驗步驟 33
3-4-2 量測元件定位與流體充填 33
3-4-3 CASIO EX-F1高速相機的架設及光源的調整 34
3-4-4流量控制及充氣 35
3-4-5影像處理 36
3-5實驗參數的設定 38
3-5-1速度 38
3-5-2中空率 38
3-5-3毛細係數（Ca） 39
3-5-4威森堡數（Wi） 40
3-6實驗誤差分析 42
第四章 實驗結果與討論 44
4-1速度 44
4-2 中空率 45
4-3 中空率與毛細係數、威森堡數 54
4-4 實驗結果分析 56
第五章 結論 57
第六章 未來展望與建議 59
參考文獻 61
附 錄 一 64
附 錄 二 107
簡 歷 115

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