臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究使用有限元素套裝軟體ABAQUS，建立一泡沫無機聚合物之數值分析模型，利用不同元素分析材質對其隔音性能之影響，其中固體元素可有效模擬板結構之穿透損失行為，聲學元素於加入體積阻力後，可有效模擬泡沫無機聚合物於低頻之聲學行為。另外，探討不同微結構對泡沫無機聚合物隔音性能之影響，主要分析模型包括：（一）封閉型泡沫材料之微結構模型；（二）改變泡沫不同孔徑尺寸；（三）於封閉型泡沫之微結構中加入連通道，使氣體間彼此相通。此外，亦製作三種不同泡沫孔徑分布之泡沫無機聚合物試體，進行隔音穿透損失試驗，使之與數值分析結果相互比較。試驗結果發現，於泡沫孔隙率及面密度相同條件下，具不同微結構之泡沫無機聚合物試體，其穿透損失值變化不大。再藉由數值分析，驗證材質與微結構對泡沫無機聚合物穿透損失之影響，數值分析結果亦與試驗結果相同。所以，本研究所建立之2D數值分析模型，已能模擬真實試驗結果之變化趨勢，可部分取代高耗費耗時之隔音穿透試驗。

Here, a commercial finite element package ABAQUS with different types of elements was used to numerically analyze the sound transmission losses of foamed inorganic polymers. It is found that solid element can effectively simulate the transmission loss of a solid plate while acoustic medium with a volumetric drag can effectively simulate the low-frequency acoustic response of a foamed inorganic polymer. In addition, three types of models were employed to investigate the sound insulation of foamed inorganic polymers with different microstructures: (a) a closed-cell microstructure with a single cell size; (b) a closed-cell microstructure with different cell sizes; (c) a closed-cell microstructure with tunnels. Furthermore, foamed inorganic polymer specimens with three different pore-size distributions were produced and tested to measure their sound transmission losses. Experimental results indicate that the variation of sound transmission losses is insignificant if the porosity and surface density of foamed inorganic polymers are the same. Also, numerical results suggest that the effect of microstructural geometry on the sound transmission losses of foamed inorganic polymers with the same surface density is negligible, consistent with the experimental results. Therefore, the proposed 2D numerical model can be utilized to partially replace tedious experimental works when experimental cost and consuming-time are concerned.

摘 要 I
誌 謝 III
目 錄 V
表目錄 VII
圖目錄 VIII
第一章　緒論 1
1.1　研究動機 1
1.2　研究目的 3
1.3　本文組織與內容 4
第二章　相關理論與文獻回顧 5
2.1　泡沫無機聚合物 5
2.1.1　無機聚合材料 5
2.1.2　泡沫無機聚合材料 6
2.2　材料聲學性質 7
2.2.1　聲學簡介 7
2.2.2　隔音與吸音 8
2.2.3　聲學分析方式 10
2.2.4　波動方程式 11
2.2.5　單層板聲學特性 12
2.2.6　多孔性材料 16
2.2.7　多孔性材料聲學研究 16
第三章　實驗與模擬方法 21
3.1　隔音性能實驗規範 21
3.2　有限元素設定 24
3.3　模型建構 29
第四章　數值分析與實驗比較 41
4.1　不同材質之實心板模擬 41
4.1.1 均質材料 41
4.1.2 無機聚合物 44
4.2 泡沫無機聚合物 45
4.2.1 實驗數據 46
4.2.2 數值分析-封閉型泡沫 47
4.3 連通孔效應 50
4.4 荷姆赫茲消音器 51
第五章　結論與建議 79
5.1 結論 79
5.2 建議 81
參考文獻 82

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