臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

莎劇《威尼斯商人》反映英國早期社會裡資產階級之間的族群對立。以賽洛克(Shylock)為代表的猶太族群和基督徒為代表的族群，其衝突的背後實為一場經濟爭奪戰。本論文以馬克思主義中「商品戀物」概念，探討在資本主義影響下，法律、宗教、以及人的社會關係如何被物化(Reified)。
第一章鋪陳早期英國資本主義之社會背景，並界定引用的理論基礎。第二章介紹英國都鐸王朝的法律制度，進一步討論近代評者如何看待英國當時習慣法與衡平法對此劇本可能的影響，以及劇中兩族群個自以不同的法律精神來詮釋正義所展現之問題。第三章以基督教慈悲觀念切入，討論劇中人物種族、宗教衝突背後的真正主因，以及慈悲、正義的政治意義。第四章深入討論物化的價值觀如何影響劇中人物的社會關係，諸如家庭關係，男女愛情、婚姻關係。最後總結資本主義之下資產階級內部鬥爭的面貌，以及未被提及的普羅大眾。

The Merchant of Venice reflects a confrontation between bourgeois groups in Tudor England. The Jewish group, represented by Shylock, and its rival group, represented by the Christians, through law and religion struggle with each other over the dominance of economic power. This thesis aims to employ the Marxist perspective of "commodity-fetishism" and discuss how the law, religion, and human relations are reified in a capitalistic society.
Chapter One begins with the capitalistic background in early modern England society, followed by definitions of theoretical concepts adopted in the thesis. Chapter Two introduces the legal system in Tudor England and discusses contemporary critics' views on the possible influence of the common law and equity on the play. Also probed into is the problem revealed from the two groups' interpretations on justice. Chapter Three investigates the Christian concept of mercy and discloses the main cause of the characters' ethnic and religious confrontation as well as the political significance of mercy and justice. Chapter Four focuses on how the reified value system influences the social relations of the characters, such as commodified father-daughter relations, love relations, and marriage relations. To conclude, the reality of struggles between groups of bourgeoisie is disclosed while the proletariats are ignored.

Chapter One Introduction...............1
Chapter Two The Law....................13
Chapter Three Mercy......................31
Chapter Four Reification................53
Conclusion....................................78
Works Cited...................................81

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