臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文針對風力發電系統最大功率追蹤控制之議題，提出具自調量化因子之模糊最大功率追蹤控制法則，可有效改善擾動觀察法之缺失。使用擾動觀察法進行最大功率追蹤控制時，追蹤速率愈快，操作點擾動量就愈大，故必須在追蹤速率與操作點穩定性之間取捨。因此，我們提出具自調量化因子之模糊最大功率追蹤控制，可同時兼顧最大功率之追蹤速率及操作點之穩定性；此外，當風速步級變化時，使用所提之最大功率追蹤控制的響應亦較優越，可使風力發電系統之應用更加完善。
此外，所提之最大功率追蹤控制法僅需量測風力發電機之輸出電壓與電流，無需感測風速和風力發電機之轉速及轉矩，可降低系統建構之成本，提升風力發電系統之實用性。本論文將藉由MATLAB/SIMULINK軟體模擬，初步驗證所提控制策略的可行性。在硬體實作上，則建構一具人工風場之風力發電系統市電並聯系統，使用eZdsp F28335發展板作為控制核心，實現自調量化因子與固定量化因子模糊最大功率追蹤及擾動觀察法等三種追蹤控制器並比較實作結果，以驗證所提自調量化因子模糊最大功率追蹤控制器之可行性及優越性。

In this paper, we study the issue of maximum power tracking control in a wind power generation system. A fuzzy maximum power point tracking (Fuzzy MPPT) control with self-tuned scaling factor is proposed to improve the tracking response of the perturbation and observation (P&O) method. As applying P&O method in maximum power point tracking, a fast tracking would result in large oscillation around the operating point. Hence one has to make a compromise between the tracking speed and the stability of operating point. The proposed method provides a means to resolve this dilemma. In addition, in response to step change in the velocity of the wind, the proposed scheme also outperforms the P&O method. This feature makes the proposed wind power generation system being more applicable.
In addition, only output voltage and current, without sensing the wind velocity, rotation speed and torque of the wind turbine, are required in implementing the proposed Fuzzy MPPT, which could reduce the cost and increase applicability in practice. The performance of the proposed Fuzzy MPPT is first verified by computer simulation with MATLAB/SIMULINK software. For experimental verification, a wind power generating system with utility parallel interface is built, in which an eZdsp F28335 development kit is employed to realize the three MPPT controllers: self-tuned and fixed scaling factor Fuzzy MPPT, and P&O method. The experimental results of these MPPT controllers are documented, and comparisons are made to illustrate the feasibility and superiority of our approach.

誌謝 I
中文摘要 II
Abstract III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 XVIII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 緣由 1
1.2 研究目的與方法 3
1.3 論文架構 5
第二章 風力發電系統概述 7
2.1 風力渦輪機的種類與特色 7
2.1.1 水平軸風力渦輪機 7
2.1.2 垂直軸風力渦輪機 8
2.2 風力發電原理 10
2.3 最大功率追蹤原理 14
2.3.1 基於風力發電機特性參數之追蹤方法 16
2.3.2 無需風力發電機特性參數之控制方法 21
2.4 風力發電的應用 29
2.5 本論文實驗架構 31
第三章 模糊邏輯最大功率追蹤控制 33
3.1 模糊理論 33
3.1.1 模糊理論的起源 33
3.1.2 模糊集合與歸屬函數 34
3.1.3 模糊邏輯與控制 37
3.2 模糊邏輯最大功率追蹤控制器設計 42
3.3 量化因子(Scaling factor)之自調策略 49
第四章 系統模型與模擬結果 53
4.1 系統模型分析與控制 53
4.1.1 升壓轉換器模型分析控制 53
4.1.2 變流器模型分析控制 58
4.2 模擬結果 61
4.2.1 風力發電系統市電並聯界面模擬 62
4.2.2 最大功率追蹤控制模擬 64
第五章 硬體實作與實驗結果 98
5.1 硬體實作介紹 98
5.1.1 數位訊號處理器發展板 99
5.1.2 控制流程 102
5.1.3 感測回授電路 107
5.1.4 開關驅動電路 108
5.1.5 風力發電機與人工風場 109
5.2 實驗結果 110
5.2.1 風力發電系統市電並聯界面實作 110
5.2.2 最大功率追蹤控制實作 112
第六章 結論與未來展望 146
6.1 結論 146
6.2 未來展望 147
附錄：硬體實作照片 148
參考文獻 151

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