臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近些年，無線感測網路的技術越來越進步，感測器的低耗電、備援與路由一直在此感測網路領域非常熱門。封包的傳送需透過節點間相互合作，此研究的重點在於探討無線感測網路的各種傳輸協定、拓樸結構、封包重傳和拓樸重建等問題。經由分析目前現有無線感測網路協定的各項缺失，提出有效率的封包傳遞方式，設計出能有效延長網路生命週期的路由協定。
本篇論文提出一個在無線感測網路上的動態路由協定，主要方法是封包在節點傳遞時利用動態式路由傳遞，避免同一節點被多個節點固定傳送封包而導致節點提早死亡，改善外圍節點都還活著而中間轉送的節點都已死亡的情況，以此延長無線感測網路壽命。
我們使用NS2 (Network Simulator 2) 進行模擬，由實驗發現使用動態式路由協定後，將明顯延長無線感測網路的壽命，未來無線路由協定之設計可以基於此動態路由協定來做更多的研究。

ABSTRACT
Over the past decade, research on wireless sensor networks has been active, including low power consumption and backup and routing path. Transmission of packets requires cooperation among nodes. Hence this work focuses on investigating communication protocol, topology, packet retransmission, and topology reconstruction of wireless sensor networks. Through analysis of current routing protocols of wireless sensor networks, an effective packet transmission method as well as a routing protocol is proposed to extend the life cycle of wireless sensor networks.
We propose a dynamic routing protocol for wireless sensor networks, in which a dynamic routing path is used for packet transmission mainly to avoid early death of wireless sensor networks caused by frequently sending packets to the same node from multiple nodes. Thus, the lifetime of the wireless sensor network can be prolonged by avoiding situations that the external nodes are still alive while the intermediate forwarding nodes are dead. We use Network Simulator 2 (NS2) for simulations. The experimental results show that the dynamic routing protocol has significant improvement of life time of wireless sensor networks.
In the future, we plan to do more research on design and implementation of wireless sensor networks based on the proposed dynamic routing protocol.

中文摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
致謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 IX
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 簡介 1
1.2 研究動機 2
1.3 論文架構及介紹 2
第二章 相關文獻 4
2.1 無線感測網路之介紹 4
2.2 感測節點硬體架構 5
2.2.1 感測單元 (Sensing unit) 6
2.2.3 處理單元 (Processing unit) 6
2.2.4 無線傳輸單元 (Transceiver unit) 7
2.2.5 電力單元 (Power unit) 7
2.3 無線感測路由協定 8
2.3.1 AODV(Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing) 9
2.3.1.1 AODV的運作過程 (參考圖2-5、圖2-6) 10
2.3.1.2 AODV優點 14
2.3.1.3 AODV缺點 14
2.3.2 DSDV(Destination-Sequenced Distance-vector Routing) 14
2.3.2.1 DSDV 路由表 15
2.3.2.2 DSDV優點 16
2.3.2.3 DSDV缺點 16
2.3.3 DSR(Dynamic Source Routing) 17
2.3.3.1 DSR路徑發現程序過程 17
2.3.3.2 DSR優點 19
2.3.3.3 DSR缺點 19
2.4 RTS-CTS 19
2.5 以權值決定的路由 20
第三章 研究方法 22
3.1 路由負載 23
3.2 動態路由示意圖 32
第四章 研究結果與討論 34
第五章 結論與未來展望 38
參考文獻 39
 

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