臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究之目的：一、比較不同背景變項的網球選手在心理競技能力與競賽特質性焦慮上的差異情形；二、了解心理競技能力與競賽特質性焦慮的關係；三、探討心理競技能力對競賽特質性焦慮的預測情形。本研究以參加全國網球排名賽的121名網球選手為參與對象，平均年齡為18.55± 2.05 歲。以心理競技能力量表(PCAS)與成人用運動競賽焦慮測驗(SCAT- A)為研究工具。依據本研究假設分別以獨立樣本t考驗、單因子變異數分析、皮爾遜積差相關及階層迴歸分析進行資料分析，所得結果發現：一、在不同年齡、競技級別及運動水準的差異情形：(一)心理競技能力方面：不同年齡和競技級別皆無任何差異；在不同運動水準上，全國級選手顯著高於縣市級選手，表示全國級選手在團隊精神、決策判斷、超越企圖及平常心境上均高於縣市級選手。(二)競賽特質性焦慮方面：不同年齡的選手無任何差異；高中選手的競賽特質性焦慮高於大專選手；縣市級選手的競賽特質性焦慮高於全國級選手。二、心理競技能力的決策判斷、超越企圖、平常心境、競賽意念與競賽特質性焦慮達顯著負相關。三、心理競技能力的超越企圖、平常心境及競賽意念，能有效預測選手的競賽特質性焦慮，其中又以競賽意念的預測力為最高。根據研究結果與討論，提出實際運動訓練之建議，以提供教練及未來研究之參考。

The purpose of this study was to: a) compare difference of the demographic characteristics on psychological competitive abilities and competition trait anxiety on tennis athletes, b) understand the relationship between psychological competitive abilities and competition trait anxiety on tennis athletes, c) explore the anticipation of psychological competitive abilities for competition trait anxiety. The participants of this research include 121 tennis athletes from the National Tennis Placing Game, the average age for all participants was 18.55± 2.05. The research instruments included Psychological Competitive Abilities Scale and Sport Competition Anxiety Test. Means of statistics in use in this research include: Independent t-test, One-way ANOVA, Pearson Correlation Analysis, and Multiple Regression Analysis. Results of this research are as follows: 1. the results based on differences of aged groups, athletic classification, sport performance levels: (1) For the results of psychological competitive abilities, there was no statistically significant difference between different aged groups and athletic classification. For sport performance levels, the results indicated that national athletes had significantly higher scores than local athletes on the factors of team spirit, decision making, and ordinary attitude in tennis. (2) For the results of competition trait anxiety, there was no statistically significant difference between different aged groups in tennis, but the finding revealed that high school athlete class had higher scores than collegiate athlete class in tennis. The results also pointed out those local athletes had higher scores than national athletes on competition trait anxiety in tennis. 2. there was a negatively significant correlation between decision making, aggressive, ordinary attitude, athletic competitive thought, and competitive trait anxiety on tennis athletes. 3. the factors of aggressive, ordinary attitude, and athletic competitive thought could be significantly predicted the tennis athletes’ competitive train anxiety. Especially, the athletic competitive thought could be a major prediction. According the above stated results, this research raises issues for discussion, hopes to provide succeeding researches, coaches with valuable suggestions on athletic training.

第一章 緒論--------------------------------------------- 1

第一節 研究背景--------------------------------------------- 1
第二節 研究目的--------------------------------------------- 8
第三節 研究問題--------------------------------------------- 8
第四節 研究範圍--------------------------------------------- 8
第五節 研究限制--------------------------------------------- 9
第六節 名詞解釋--------------------------------------------- 9

第二章 文獻探討---------------------------------------- 12

第一節 心理競技能力的文獻探討--------------------------- 12
第二節 不同背景變項與心理競技能力的相關研究--------- 20
第三節 競賽特質性焦慮的文獻探討------------------------- 34
第四節 不同背景變項與競賽特質性焦慮的相關研究------- 45
第五節 心理競技能力與競賽特質性焦慮的關係------------ ------------------------ 53
第六節 研究假設------------------------------------------------ 62

第三章 研究方法---------------------------------------- 64

第一節 研究架構--------------------------------------------- 64
第二節 研究對象--------------------------------------------- 65
第三節 研究工具--------------------------------------------- 66
第四節 資料處理--------------------------------------------- 68







第四章 結果與討論------------------------------------ 69

第一節 基本描述統計--------------------------------------- 69
第二節 不同年齡、競技級別、運動水準在心理競技能力
與競賽特質性焦慮上的差異情形--------------------
70
第三節 心理競技能力與競賽特質性焦慮之相關分析------- 81
第四節 心理競技能力對競賽特質性焦慮的預測------------ 84

第五章 結論與建議------------------------------------- 89

第一節 結論-------------------------------------------------- 89
第二節 建議-------------------------------------------------- 91

參考文獻--------------------------------------------------------- 98
附錄--------------------------------------------------------- 121
附錄一 個人基本資料------------------------------------------ 121
附錄二 運動競賽焦慮測驗------------------------------------- 122
附錄三 心理競技能力量表------------------------------------- 123

表 目 錄

表 2-1-1 心理競技能力向度、意涵及相關文獻之綜合摘要表--------- 16
表 2-2-2 影響心理競技能力的前置因素------------------------- 33
表 3-2-1 研究樣本------------------------------------------------- 65
表 4-1-1 全體參與者各變項上的描述統計---------------------- 69
表 4-2-1 不同年齡在心理競技能力與競賽焦慮之差異比較表 71
表 4-2-2 不同競技級別在心理競技能力與競賽焦慮之t考驗
摘要表------------------------------------------------ 74
表 4-2-3 不同運動水準在心理競技能力與競賽特質焦慮之t
考驗摘要表----------------------------------------------- 76
表 4-3-1 各變項間之相關分析摘要表---------------------------- 81
表 4-4-1 心理競技能力對競賽焦慮之階層迴歸分析摘要表--- 84

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