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人權係屬於「原權」，憲法基本權利之保障規範，即在限制公權，避免政府
恣意侵犯人民之自由權利。秘密通訊自由是基本人權普系中重要之一環，亦為思想自由
及人性尊嚴之具體化，對於民主體制之落實與個人人格之開展有其重大之意義。監聽作
為刑事程序之偵查手段，本質上為侵犯人民秘密通訊自由之強制處分，其行使程序應以
法律定之外，內容更須實質正當，以符合憲法比例原則之要求。因此，藉由「正當法律
程序」的形成，保障秘密通訊自由權更形重要。
監聽作為刑事偵防之公器，為掌握犯罪證據，追尋人犯，及預防犯罪，著實為有效
之重要偵查手段，惟法律之公義，應以司法之正常程序予以實現。因此，本於憲法保障
基本人權之內容及「正當法律程序」之理念，檢視我國審議中「通訊保障及監察法」有
關監聽行使程序之規定，提出立法建議以合理規範監聽實施之程序，藉以保障人權，並
兼顧執法之效益。
本研究計分六章；第一章為緒論，說明本文研究之動機與目的、研究之範圍與限制
，及本文研究之方法；第二章論及監聽偵查之涵義，及與人民秘密通訊自由權利之關係
；第三章以刑事偵查程序為中心，對與人權息息相關之監聽範圍、程序、要件、執行、
監督、及違法監聽之法效力等核心規範，藉探究先進民主法治國家監聽法制之內涵及法
理，以探知其監聽偵查行使界限與規範之架構，進而對我國審議中「通訊保障及監察法
」之監聽規範作一比較及檢討；第四章則對與發現犯罪真實對立，而抑制違法偵查，確
保程序正義之證據排除法則，予以深入探討分析其採用之論辯及先進法治國在監聽法制
實務之實踐，以為立法及實務之參考；第五章係針對我國目前監聽執行實務之由調查局
單一機關執行且以機器錄音之合法性爭議，加以檢討，釐清癥結，並對監聽偵查之運用
予以概述，俾供參考；最後一章為結論與建議，歸納前述各章之重要結論，提出若干建
議，以為立法院研議「通訊保障及監察法」之參考。
Human rights belong to "the rights of origin". The protective norms of
constitutional basic rights are to set a limitation on government rights, to
prevent the government from violating the rights of freedom of the citizens.
The private interest of communication is one of the most important aspects
in the general constituent of human rights; it is also a solidification of
the freedom of thoughts and human esteems, casting a great meaning on the
realization of the democratic policy and the development of individual
personalities. Eavesdropping used as a measure of investigation in criminal
procedure, basically is a violation enforced on the citizen private interest
of communication; its enforcement must be of substantive due process, so as
to conform with the demand of the principle of constitutional
proportionality. Thus, through the formation of "due law process", to
protect the private interest in communication is of vital importance.
Eavesdropping as an authorized measure for criminal investigation and
prevention, to gain criminal evidences, to investigate the criminals, and
to prevent the crimes, is indeed an effective vital investigative measure.
However, the justice of the law should be realized through judicial due
process. Thus, the purpose of this study is, based on the content of the
constitutional protection on the basic human rights and the concept of "due
process of the law", to make a review on the norms of the eavesdropping
within the Code of "Protection and Surveillance of Civil Communication"
discussed in the Legislative Yuan, and then to bring forward a suggestion
to the setting of the law for making a reasonable eavesdropping
implementation procedure, so as to protect human rights, and to ensure the
efficiency of the law enforcement.
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