臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

傳統上，密碼是最為普遍之身分認證方式，卻也可能是最為危險的方式，因為它很可能輕易的遭到竊取或冒用。但是一般認證系統本身卻無法分辨持有密碼者是否為本人，在這方面指紋辨識技術正好可改正此缺點，因為指紋特徵都是唯一且無法竊取或複製的，因此十分適合作為身份認證之方式。本計畫主要在建構一具有指紋辨識能力之身份認證系統。在本研究中，我們將針對一般指紋辨識系統中較為脆弱的指紋核心偵測與定位問題尋求較佳的解決方案。同時為使系統具備良好的辨識率，本研究將以賈伯濾波器(Gabor Filter)結合智慧型IC卡(Smart IC Card)為基礎建構一指紋辨識系統來進行身分認證功能。此系統主要分為下列兩部分：首先為核心偵測、定位部分，此部分將對指紋擷取器所擷取之影像進行核心偵測與定位，將影像中可能為核心的位置分割出來。並經由影像處理與特徵抽取後送入系統之第二部分，即指紋辨識部分，進行指紋辨識，最後將辨識結果輸出作為認證通過與否的依據。

Password is often the way for authentication conventionally, but may be the most dangerous one, because it could be easily stolen or counterfeited. However, the common authentication system that use password cannot be aware whether the password belong to this guest or not. In this aspect the fingerprint verification technology is just able to reform this drawback, because the fingerprint features are unique and cannot be stolen or counterfeited. For this reason, this technology is very suitable for authentication. The objective of this research is to build the authentication system that has the ability to verified fingerprint. In this research, we will focus on the problem of fingerprint core point detection and location that is weak in the common fingerprint verification system, and seek for the better resolution. Furthermore, in order to make the system have excellent performance of verification, a fingerprint verification system that is based on Gabor Filter combines Smart IC Card will be constructed to perform the authentication. The system comprises of two subsystems. The first subsystem performs the fingerprint core point detection and location in the image captured by a Image Capture Device, and segments the sub-image that is probably fingerprint image from the whole image; then the sub-image is sent to the second subsystem that performs the fingerprint verification after image processing and feature extraction. Eventually, the authentication result is made based on the recognition result.

目 錄
中文摘要 ………………………………………………………… I
英文摘要 ………………………………………………………… II
誌 謝 ………………………………………………………… III
目 錄 ………………………………………………………… IV
圖表索引 ………………………………………………………… VII
第一章 緒論 ………………………………………………… 1
1.1 研究背景 …………………………………………… 1
1.2 研究動機 …………………………………………… 2
1.3 研究方法 …………………………………………… 3
1.4 論文架構 …………………………………………… 4
第二章 指紋認證系統架構簡介 …………………………… 5
2.1自動指紋認證系統 …………………………………… 5
2.2硬體需求與功用 ……………………………………… 9
第三章 指紋影像之前處理 ………………………………… 12
3.1影像雜訊平滑 ………………………………………… 13
3.1.1平滑化 …………………………………………… 14
3.1.2高斯濾波器 ……………………………………… 18
3.2 影像增強 …………………………………………… 23
3.2.1對比度擴展 ……………………………………… 24
3.2.2直方圖同等化 …………………………………… 26
3.2.3結合低通與高通濾波之影像增強化 …………… 28
3.3影像細線化 …………………………………………… 34
第四章 指紋影像之核心點偵測 …………………………… 37
4.1方位表之計算 ………………………………………… 39
4.2方位表之平滑化 ……………………………………… 47
4.3核心點之定義 ………………………………………… 50
4.4指紋核心點特殊情況解決 …………………………… 53
第五章 Gabor Filter Banks 演算法於指紋上之應用 …… 57
5.1 Gabor Filter Banks於指紋上特徵影像之應用 …… 60
5.2使用平均絕對誤差演算法來定義指紋特徵 ………… 68
5.3使用歐幾里德距離演算法來辨別身份 ……………… 71
第六章 指紋認證系統之實現 ……………………………… 73
6.1指紋登錄、辨別介面 ………………………………… 73
6.2系統效能測試 ………………………………………… 80
第七章 IC卡資料儲取之應用 ………………………………… 86
7.1 IC卡於自動指紋認證系統之簡介 …………………… 86
7.2 IC卡系統之動作原理 ……………………………… 87
7.2.1讀卡機通訊協定 ………………………………… 87
7.2.2讀卡機函數之使用說明 ………………………… 97
7.3指紋特徵資料於IC卡內部之配置 …………………… 101
第八章 結論與未來研究方向 …………………………… 103
8.1 結論 …………………………………………………… 103
8.2 未來研究方向 ………………………………………… 105
參考文獻 ………………………………………………………… 106
作者簡介 ………………………………………………………… 110
授 權 書 ………………………………………………………… 111

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