臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

火的使用是人類文明的象徵，然而火災的發生也對人民的生命財產造成了莫大的危害，尤其是人潮出入眾多的公共場所，消防安全問題一直是受到相關單位的重視，供公眾使用建築物為了預防火災，依法設置了相關的消防安全設備，但是這些消防安全設備在火災時的效益如何，其對火災的抑制及人員的避難逃生是否有所助益?
本研究以電腦模擬的方式來探討火災，並藉由火災模擬軟體FDS中建置之「自動撒水設備」與「排煙設備」的動作與否，針對「煙層下降時間」、「火場溫度」及「火場能見度」等進行分析，而由電腦模擬之數值分析可歸納出自動撒水設備雖有降低火場溫度的效果，但在起火居室內則會降低排煙的效率，因撒水頭作動放水後，同樣會因產生水蒸氣而使煙層浮力降低，造成該空間中的煙層有提早下降的趨勢，然而對煙層擴散至外部空間則有侷限的效果；而排煙設備可以改善火場能見度、降低火場溫度及延緩煙層下降的速度，因此可增加人員逃生時穿越濃煙區時的安全性，對人員避難逃生及消防人員進入救災時有所助益。

The use of fire is a symbol of humanity civilization. However, occurrence of fire also threaten to life and property of people seriously. Safety of fire had been paied much attention by concerned institution, especially in the public place. By the law , buildings of public use had set up fire equipments, nevertheless, how useful of these fire equipments at a fire scene? Do they have efficiency to bring fire under control and to help people refuge away a fire.
The research will discuss fire by computer Simulation.Then, by using fire simulation soft”FDS”which have auto- sprinkler equipment and smoke elimination equipment analyzes time of smoke dropping off, temperature of fire sence, and visibility of fire scene.However, from the results of computer simulation , we can conclude that auto- sprinkler equipment can reduce the temperature of fire scene efficiently, but it also accelerate smoke dropping off at the room where fire ignite . The action of sprinklers can reduce the temperature of smoke,but it produce water steam at the same time,and it reduce the buoyancy of smoke.smoke elimination equipment can delay smoke dropping off and to increase the visibility of fire scene efficiently. It can be useful and increase safety of refuging away fire sence.

中文摘要--------------Ⅰ
英文摘要--------------Ⅱ
誌謝------------------Ⅲ
目錄------------------Ⅳ
表目錄------------------------Ⅴ
圖目錄------------------------Ⅵ
符號說明----------------------IX
第一章 緒論--------------------1
1.1研究動機與目的--------------1
1.2文獻回顧--------------------3
1.3 研究方法與流程----------4
1.4 研究範圍與限制----------7
第二章 火場模擬與消防設備介紹----7
2.1 火場模擬之介紹與方法--------7
2.2 火災基本概念與火源設計-----10
2.3 自動撒水設備與排煙設備之介紹-------15
2.4 煙層的濃度與危害性------------20
第三章 火災電腦模擬分析-----------------24
3.1 FDS簡介----------------------------24
3.2 FDS使用步驟及方法介紹--------------26
3.3 火災情境與邊界條件設定-------------29
3.4 火災電腦模擬-----------------------32
3.5 模擬結果比較分析-------------------47
第四章 結論與建議-----------------------49
4.1 結論-------------------------------49
4.2 後續研究建議-----------------------49
參考文獻--------------------------------50

參考文獻
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