國外文獻：
1.Arthur, W. Brain (1989) “Competing Technologies, Increasing Returns, And Lock-in by Historical Events”, The Economic Journal. Vol 99, March 1989, p.116-p.131.
2.Arthur, W. Brain (1994) “Increasing Returns and Path Dependence in the Economy”, University of Michigan.
3.Arthur, W. Brain (1996) “Increasing Returns and the New World Business”, Harvard Business Review, July-August 1996 p.100-p.111.
4.Benaroch, Michel and Kauffman, Robert (1999)“A Case for Using Real Options Pricing Analysis to Evaluation Information Technology Project Investment”, Information Systems Research. Vol. 10, No. 1, March 1999
5.Copeland, Tom et all (1994), “Valuation—Measuring and Managing the Value of Companies”, by McKinsey & Company Inc, John Wiley & Sons.
6.Damodaran, Aswath (1996) “ Investment Valuation—Tools and Techniques for Determining the value of any asset “, pp501-508, John Wiley & Sons, Inc (1996)
7.Danielson, Morris G. (1998), “A Simple Valuation Model and Growth Expectations”, Financial Analyst Journal, May/June 1998, pp.50-57.
8.Fama, Eugene F., and Kenneth R. French (1996), “Mutifactor Explanations of Asset Pricing Anomalies.” Journal of Finance, vol. 51, no. 1 (March): 55-84.
9.Hagel, John and Armstrong, Arthur (1997) “Net Gain—Expanding markets through virtual communities” McKinsey & Company, 1997.
10.Hagel, John and Singer, Marc (1999), “Net Worth—Shaping Markets When Customers Make the Rules”, Harvard Business School Press, 1999.
11.Hirshey, Mark (1998), “ How much is a Tulip Worth?”, Financial Analyst Journal, July-August 1998, pp.11-17
12.Holf, Robert D. (1998) “Amazon's Wild World”, Business Week, Dec 21, 1998 p.70-p.74.
13.Jagle, Axel J. (1999) "Shareholder value, real options, and innovation in technology-intensive companies", R&D Management, 29, 3, 1999.
14.Katz, M. and C. Shapiro (1985), “Network Externalities, Competition, and Compatibility”, American Economic Review, 75,pp.424-440.
15.Laderman, Jeffery M. (1998) “What are U.S. net stocks worth?”, Business Week, Dec 14,1998 pp.58- 60.
16.Lewis, T. G. (1997), “The Friction-Free Economy: Marketing Strategies for a Wired World”, HarperCollins Publisher.
17.Liberman, Marvin B. and Montgomery, David B. (1988), “First-Mover Advantage”, Strategic Management Journal, Vol.9 ,1988 p.41-p.58
18.Nicholas Economides (1996), “The Economics of Network”, International Journal of Industrial Organization, vol. 14, no. 2, March 1996.
19.Perlitz, Manfred and Thorsten Peske and Randolf Schrank (1999) "Real options valuation :the new frontier in R&D project evaluation?", R&D Management, 29, 3, 1999.
20.Shapiro, Carl and Varian, Hal R. (1999), “Information Rule: A Strategic Guide to the Network Economy”, Harvard Business School Press, 1999.
21.Shapiro, Carl and Varian, Hal R. (1999), “Network Effects”, Notes to accompany Information Rule, September 1998.
22.Stabell, Charles B. and Fjeldstad, Qystein D. (1998), ”Configuration Value for Competitive Advantage: On Chains and Shops and Networks”, Strategic Management Journal. Vol. 19. 413-437, 1998.
23.Woeckener, Bernd (2000), “The competition of user networks : ergodicity, lock-ins, and metastability”, Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization. Vol. 41. 85-99, 2000.
國內文獻：
1. 李志傑,『網路資訊中介公司的評價』, 國立台灣大學財務金融研究所碩士論文, 民國八十八年六月。