臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究針對吉丁蟲翅鞘微結構的仿造，並對仿造之微結構進行光學分析。先研究六種選定的吉丁蟲翅鞘，分別對各個不同顏色的翅鞘做表面及剖面結構的探討與成分分析，以光學顯微鏡及掃描式電子顯微鏡分別觀察翅鞘的色層分佈及微結構。
吉丁蟲翅鞘色彩鮮豔，一個物種即包含多種顏色，表面散佈許多凹洞及六角結構，凹洞直徑大小不均，從9.65μm~92.01μm呈不規則排列，六角結構排列整齊，寬度約在10μm~15μm間。由接觸角量測儀結果得知接觸角幾乎都大於90度，最大為106.2度，表示具有疏水的作用。剖面則由兩種材料相互交錯而成，分別為95nm~132nm的表皮層及37nm~91nm的空氣層。經成分分析得知主要成分為碳及氧，所含比例大約是4：1。部分波長的反射非常高，可達100%，且能隙值為2.27eV，推測Sternocera aquisignata吉丁蟲、Chrysochroa rajah吉丁蟲及Catoxantha opulenta吉丁蟲的翅鞘具有一維光子晶體結構。
將各吉丁蟲反射率最明顯的位置進行翻印，翻印材料使用聚二甲基矽氧烷(PDMS)。經PDMS翻印的結果，最小僅增加原始尺寸的2.34%，翻印結果良好，但因翻印結果需鍍上一層材料，使得鍍上的材料嚴重影響結構的反射率，造成結構不同反射率也類似的情形，將結構刻畫在不需鍍金的材料上，將可防止鍍上材料影響反射率的問題，並將所製成之結構用於防偽、光子結構研究和光學元件上。

The study investigates fabrication of quasi-structure with elytra from Buprestid, optical analysis of microstructure is also discussed. Six species of elytra of Buprestid are chosen to investigate various colors on the surface and cross-section of elytra. Optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are also performed to observed microstructure and surface topography of elytra.
Elytra of Buprestid has brilliant colors. Every Buprestid species comprised several colors. These colors may not only form by pigment by itself, but also caused form it microstructure. The results reveal that many hollow and hexagonal structures are arranged on surface. The diversity of diameter in hollow structure is quite large. Distribution from 9.65μm to 92.01μm and arrangement is random. On the contrary, the hexagonal array structure arranged regularly and the size are between 10μm to 15μm. Most contact angles are larger than 90 degree, and maximum cab reach to 106.2 degree. This means it has hydrophobic interaction. Cross-section of elytra comprises of cuticle-layer with thickness of 95nm~132nm and air-layer with thickness of 37nm~91nm. The main component of elytra are Carbon(C) and Oxygen(O) analyzed by ESCA, the ratio is 4：1 approximately. The reflection ratio of some wavelength is very high, and can be reached to 100%. The value of band gap calculated is 2.27eV.
In order to fabricate the quasi-structure of Buprestid, the position with largest reflections in elytra is decided to make replica process. The replica material used in this study is Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The enlargement of replica compared to original size is 2.34%. Since PDMS is transparent, a layer of metal should be sputtered on its surface to measure optical characteristic, however the accuracy will be affected by the metal coated. The result assumes that Sternocera aquisignata, Chrysochroa rajah and Catoxantha opulenta may have one-dimensional photonic crystal structure. The fabrication of quasi-structure with elytra from Buprestid can promote the applications in the field of photonic structure and optical components.

摘要 iv
Abstract v
致謝 vii
目錄 viii
表目錄 x
圖目錄 xi
第一章 前言 1
第二章 文獻回顧 4
2.1 光子晶體的原理及應用 4
2.2 生物間的光子晶體 5
2.3 蝴蝶翅膀的微結構與光學特性 6
2.4 其他昆蟲的微結構與光學特性 8
2.5 吉丁蟲的微結構與光學特性 9
2.6 微結構之折射率計算方式 11
2.7 幾種微結構翻印法之介紹 12
2.8 PDMS翻印可行性評估 12
第三章 實驗方法 13
3.1 實驗流程 13
3.2 實驗規劃 14
3.3 實驗方式 15
3.3.1 接觸角量測方式 15
3.3.2 翻印方式 15
3.4 實驗設備 16
3.4.1 原子力顯微鏡(Atomic Force Microscope, AFM) 16
3.4.2 掃描式電子顯微鏡(Scanning Electron Microscope) 17
3.4.3 穿透式電子顯微鏡(Transmission Electron Microscope) 18
3.4.4 可見光-紫外光光譜儀(Spectrophotometer) 18
3.4.5 螢光光譜儀 19
3.4.6 接觸角影像分析儀 20
3.5 試片簡介 21
第四章 吉丁蟲的結果與討論 25
4.1 吉丁蟲表面分析 25
4.1.1 結構分析 25
4.1.2 成分分析 51
4.2 吉丁蟲多層膜分析 53
4.2.1 光學顯微鏡多層膜結果 53
4.2.2 電子顯微鏡多層膜結果 55
4.3 吉丁蟲的光學分析 59
第五章 吉丁蟲翻印的結果與討論 70
5.1 翻印的表面形貌 70
5.2 翻印的光學分析 74
5.2.1 一次翻印 74
5.2.2 二次翻印 77
5.2.3 綜合比較 78
第六章 結論 83
第七章 未來方向 85
第八章 參考文獻 86
作者簡介 89

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