臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在莫三比克，大多數從事契作的40萬小農生產者的土地面積不到一公頃。政府認為，契作提供小農所需的投入和市場資訊，且促進農村經濟。在全國各地，農民種植稻米的目的大多是為了基本維生之用，但在一些地區，不管有無契作關係，農民視稻作為重要的經濟作物。本研究的目的在評估莫三比克南部Chokwe地區的契作對小農稻米生產收入影響以及稻米生產收入的決定因素。用t檢定來比較契作和非契作農家特性差異，迴歸分析找出影響農家所得的變項。調查結果顯示相較於非契作，契作農家所得增加了12.6％。整體而言，契作比非契作有較好的社會、人口特性與經濟環境。影響稻米生產收入的主要因素有：種植經驗、農場規模、每天工作時間和是否從事契作生產。

In Mozambique, most of the 400,000 producers that are engaged in contract farming (CF) schemes are small scale farmers with less than one hectare of land. The national government believes that contract farming can boost the rural economy, since it provides the inputs and market information needed, especially by small scale farmers. All around the country, rice is grown by rural households, mainly for subsistence purpose, but in some regions it is also grown as cash crop in contract or non-contract schemes. This study aimed to assess the impact of contract farming (CF) on income of small scale rice farmers in the district of Chokwe, Southern Mozambique, as well as the factors determining income from rice production. Student t test was used to compare the characteristics of contract and non-contract farmers, and OLS regression method was used to identify the important variables explaining the income of farmers. The findings showed that being in contract farming increases the income by 12.6%. In overall, the contract farmers showed better social, demographic and economic position than the non-contract farmers. The main factors found determining the income from rice production are: farming experience, farm size, daily time spent on farm and the contract status of the farmers.

Chinese Abstract I
English Abstract II
Acknowledgements IV
List of Figures VIII
List of Tables IX
1. Introduction 1
1.1 Background 1
1.2 Problem statement and justification 2
1.3 Research objectives 2
2. Literature Review 4
2.1 The stakeholders in contract farming scheme 4
2.2 Reason for contracting 5
2.3 Types and arrangements in contract farming schemes 6
2.4 The trends in contract farming scheme 7
2.5 The potential reasons for default 7
2.6 Social and economic impact of contract farming.....................................8
2.7 Rice production and contract farming status in Mozambique 11
2.7.1 Rice production in Mozambique 11
2.7.2 Contract Farming in Mozambique 12
3. Methodology 13
3.1 The description of study area 13
3.2 Research conceptual framework 15
3.3 Questionnaire content 16
3.4 Sampling method and data collection 17
3.5 Data analysis 17
3.5.1 Descriptive characteristics and t test analysis 17
3.5.2 Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression method 18
3.5.2.1 The general model of OLS regression 18
3.5.2.2 Assumptions of the multi regression model 18
3.5.2.3 The Gauss-Markov Theorem 19
3.5.2.4 Breusch-Pagan test for detecting heteroskedasticity...…..….. ..19
3.5.2.5 White’s heteroskedasticity consistent standard 20
3.5.3 Variables definition and the empirical model 21
3.6 Research hypothesis 23
4. Results and Discussion 26
4.1 Rice market channel in Chokwe 26
4.2 The descriptive characteristics of farmers 27
4.3 Comparison of contract and non-contract farmers 30
4.4 Relationship between the independent variables 35
4.5 Analysis of the factors affecting rice income 36
4.6 Farming concerns and issues raised by farmers in Chokwe 38
4.6.1 Major farming issues raised by rice farmers in Chokwe 39
4.6.1.1 Input cost dilemma…………………………………………....40
4.6.1.2 Rice price dilemma………………………………………….. .40
4.6.1.3 Credit dilemma…………………………………………….. …40
4.6.2 Contract farmers dispute with the buyer…………………………..41
4.6.3 Farmers' motivation to join the contract farming scheme…….. .. ...42
4.6.4 The reasoning for not joining the contract farming scheme………..43
4.6.5 Status of market information among the farmers 44
5. Conclusions and Recommendations 46
5.1 Conclusions 46
5.2 Recommendations 46
5.2.1 To the farmers 46
5.2.2 To the government and private sector 47
5.2.3 Future researches 48
6. References 49
Appendices 54
Biosketch of Author………………………………………………………....72

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