臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

隨著網際網路環境的普及化，電腦網路由原本的有線網路開始擴展到無線網路。近幾年來，無線網路的快速發展，讓無線網路服務越來越受到歡迎，而其相關的應用也開始受到人們的注意，其中一項便是定位的服務。由於定位服務的需求增加，架構在無線區域網路上的室內無線網路定位系統日漸受到重視，目前最常見的GPS主要是使用於室外環境的定位，其建構成本也比較高。本論文主要是設計一套架構在現有的WLAN下的室內定位系統，使用位於無線區域網路中的無線基地台，藉由撰寫程式來擷取無線基地台的訊號強度值，其訊號強度值會隨著距離而有不同程度的改變，本論文利用其訊號強度值的變化，結合室內無線通道機率模型來計算行動終端的位置，並設計一個數位濾波器，來提升其定位的準確度。

With the prevalence and development of the Internet, the network infrastructure begins to extend from the original wired network to the wireless network. In recent years, the development of wireless network attracts much attention in various applications. Due to the widespread use of the wireless network. One of the applications is personal or device locating service of location. With the increasing demand of the positioning service, people pay much attention to the indoor wireless positioning system based on Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN). Nowadays, GPS is the most extensively used for locating service in outdoor environment but GPS deployment is not cost-effective. This research describes the development and implementation of an indoor wireless positioning systems based on IEEE 802.11x wireless network. We developed programs to obtain the values of signal strength transmitted from various Access Points (AP) in the wireless network. As the distance between transmitter and receiver changes, the received signal strength changes accordingly. This research aims to use the variations of signal strength combined with the probabilistic model of indoor wireless channels to calculate the position of the mobile terminal and to design a digital filter to improve positioning accuracy.

摘要I
ABSTRACT II
誌謝III
總目錄IV
圖目錄VII
表目錄XI
符號表XII
第一章 緒論1
1.1 前言1
1.2 研究背景與動機1
1.3 目的2
1.4 論文架構2
1.5 文獻探討3
1.5.1 無線定位技術[22,24,25]3
1.5.2 相關文獻回顧7
第二章 無線電波的傳播特性9
2.1 無線電波傳遞的原理與特性[22]9
2.2 無線電波傳播時的干擾[22,29]9
2.2.1 自由空間路徑損失(Free Space Path Loss)10
2.2.2 多路徑(multipath)的漸弱(fading)效應11
2.2.3 遮蔽效應Shadowing(Log Normal Fading)12
2.2.4 繞射(diffract)12
2.2.5 散射(scattering)13
2.3 室內無線通道訊號衰減分析[26]14
2.4 天線16
2.4.1 增益(gain)[27]16
2.4.2 全向雙軸天線[29]17
2.4.3 半指向式(semi-directional)20
2.4.4 高方向性(highly-directional)21
第三章 無線區域網路22
3.1 WLAN22
3.2 IEEE 802.11x[35]23
3.2.1 IEEE 802.11b標準簡介24
3.2.2 IEEE 802.11b的基本運作模式25
3.2.3 IEEE 802.11g[33,34]27
3.3 WiMAX[36]31
3.3.1 WiMax的技術優勢32
第四章 研究方法與架構34
4.1 前言34
4.2 架構34
4.2.1 軟硬體架構37
第五章 訊號分析與定位原理39
5.1 定位原理39
5.2 訊號處理40
5.3 濾波器的設計[21]41
5.3.1 轉移函數41
5.3.2 韋納濾波器(Wiener filter)43
5.4 演算法48
5.4.1 定位演算法48
第六章 定位實驗與結果50
6.1 訊號測試實驗50
6.2 小範圍定位測試63
6.3 大範圍定位測試70
第七章 結論與未來展望78
參考文獻80

中文部份
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