臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究主要目的是建立芝麻油混摻大豆油或芥花油的定性、定量方法。分兩大部分進行，第一部分，先利用高效液相層析搭配蒸發光散射檢測器(HPLC-ELSD)建立三酸甘油酯分析方法，探討最適條件，再用於分析多種來源之芝麻油、大豆油及芥花油。此外，也分析不同油脂的脂肪酸組成，並比較油脂的脂肪酸組成和三酸甘油酯組成的關係。結果顯示，三酸甘油酯組成較脂肪酸多元且差異度大，大豆油中含有芝麻油所沒有的三酸甘油酯組成，LLnL、OLnL、PLnL，可作為判斷是否有混摻大豆油的指標(key factor)，同理，芥花油含有特有的OLnL、OLnO，也可用來判別有無混摻芥花油。第二部分，將芝麻油依比例混摻大豆油或芥花油(0%、10%、20%...100%)，同樣分析三酸甘油酯組成。可觀察到混摻比例上升，三酸甘油酯組成含量會隨之有線性變化；在含量較低的波峰的極端值，混摻比例和變量間有微弱的指數關係(sigmoid response)，R2仍有超過0.9，而混摻油中較高含量的OLL、OOO作出檢量線較具代表性，R2皆大於0.99，可適用於調和油成分比例的鑑定上。除了單一變量的定性定量方法，我們也將上述結果套用在多變量的統計模式中，利用主成分判別分析(Discriminant analysis of principal components, DAPC)，可萃取出兩個變數，將三種植物油正確分群 (錯分率為0)。最後，我們將七種市售芝麻油樣品同樣進行上述分析，發現其中有4種有混摻大豆油，混摻比例保守估計約31-44%。

The aim of this study is to develop an analytical approach for discriminating sesame oil blended with soybean oil or canola oil. Firstly we established a promising HPLC-ELSD chromatographic condition for the detection of triacylglycerol (TAG) species of oil samples. TAG species of all oil samples were then determined under the conditions. Based on the composition of TAG species of oil samples, three unique peaks assigned as LLnL, OLnL and PLnL which did not appear on the chromatogram of any sesame oil samples represented that the characteristic components of soybean oil could be employed as judging the adulteration of sesame oil with soybean oil. Similarly, the unique components, OLnL and OLnO of canola oil could be used for judging the adulteration of sesame oil with canola oil. Additionally, a statistical method, namely discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC), using TAG species of oil sample as parameters was employed for qualitative analysis of sesame oil blended with soybean oil or canola oil. The results showed that this statistical method was feasible and promising to judge the adulteration of sesame oils with soybean oils or canola oils.

目錄 I
圖目錄 III
表目錄 V
縮寫表 VI
第一章 前言 1
第二章 文獻整理 3
第一節、混摻與檢測方法 3
1-1 混摻 3
1-2 檢測方法 3
1-3 三酸甘油酯分析方法 16
第二節、食用油介紹 24
2-1 全球食用油生產概況 24
2-2 芝麻油(sesame oil) 26
2-3 大豆油(soybean oil) 29
2-4 芥花油(Canola oil) 32
第三節、統計方法 34
3-1 判別分析 34
3-2 主成分分析 36
第三章 材料與方法 37
第一節、實驗大綱 37
第二節、實驗材料 38
2-1 油脂樣品 38
2-2 藥品與試劑 38
第三節、實驗儀器 40
第四節、實驗方法 41
4-1 油脂萃取 41
4-2 矽膠管柱純化 41
4-3 三酸甘油酯組成分析 41
4-3.1 方法建立 41
4-3.2 樣品分析 42
4-4 脂肪酸組成分析 43
4-5 製備混摻芝麻油 43
4-6 統計分析 43
第四章 結果與討論 44
第一節、建立三酸甘油酯組成分析方法 44
第二節、油脂之脂肪酸及三酸甘油酯組成 54
第三節、芝麻油混摻大豆油或芥花油 62
第四節、市售芝麻油樣品混摻定性定量分析 67
第五節、多變量統計分析應用 69
第五章 結論 72
第六章 參考文獻 73

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