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研究生:楊婷
研究生(外文):Ting Yang
論文名稱:求職者工作接受意圖影響因素之研究:大企業與中小企業之比較
論文名稱(外文):The Effects of Job Seekers' Job Acceptance Intentions: Comparison Between Large Firms and SMEs
指導教授:葉凱莉葉凱莉引用關係
指導教授(外文):Kaily Yei
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立彰化師範大學
系所名稱:人力資源管理研究所
學門:商業及管理學門
學類:其他商業及管理學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2008
畢業學年度:96
語文別:中文
論文頁數:166
中文關鍵詞:中小企業工作接受意圖組織吸引力
外文關鍵詞:SMEjob acceptance intentionsorganizational attraction
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大約四分之一的中小企業認為缺乏合適的員工不只是企業擴大成長的威脅,還會造成企業生存的問題。近年來對中小企業雇主所作的調查發現,超過50%的雇主認為缺乏符合資格的員工是最主要威脅企業成長的原因。由於招募是一系列的活動,其中招募活動、雇主知識和工作生活平衡都可能影響求職者尋求組織雇用的決定、或者接受工作機會。而這些招募活動、雇主特性,與組織政策都會形成求職者對組織的態度,即為組織吸引力,其也是影響求職者工作接受意圖的關鍵因素。本研究目的旨在探討組織吸引力在招募活動、雇主知識、工作生活平衡對工作接受意圖影響之中介效果,此外也欲了解求職者對於大企業與中小企業在工作接受意圖的影響因素上是否有所差異。
本研究以實際求職者為樣本作調查,採立意取樣,共發出1000份問卷,回收有效樣本617份,有效回收率61.7%。以階層多元迴歸分析問卷資料,研究結果顯示廣告、雇主聲望、工作資訊、工作生活平衡顯著正向影響組織吸引力;而雇主知識與工作生活平衡會透過組織吸引力影響工作接受意圖;大企業在招募活動、雇主知識、組織吸引力與求職者的工作接受意圖優於中小企業。本研究根據研究結論,分別針對實務界及後續研究提供多項具體建議。
The purpose of this study is to explore the impacts of recruitment practices (publicity, sponsorship, word-of-mouth, and advertising), employer knowledge (employer familiarity, employer reputation, and job information), work-life balance, and organizational attraction on job acceptance intentions. Especially for SME, there are some barriers in hiring new qualified employees than large firms. Few researches examine the differences between large and small organizations, and consider how these differences may influence perceived job decisions on applicants although over 76.66% of all employees are in SME in Taiwan. Therefore, marketing literature on brand equity was used to identify the model of job acceptance intentions of applicants.
Based on results from hierarchical multiple regression analyses with data from 617 job seekers, the findings suggest recruitment practices, employer knowledge, organizational attraction, and job acceptance intentions in large firms are better than those in SME. Moreover, advertising, employer reputation, job information, and work-life balance are significantly and positively related to organizational attraction. The relationship between employer reputation and work-life balance and job acceptance intentions are mediated by organizational attraction.
目 錄
中文摘要 ………………… Ⅰ
Abstract ………………… Ⅱ
目錄 ………………………… Ⅳ
表目次 ……………………… Ⅵ
圖目次 …………………… Ⅷ
第一章 緒論 …………… 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 …………… 1
第二節 研究目的 …………………… 5
第三節 研究流程 …………………… 6
第四節 名詞釋義……………………… 7
第二章 文獻探討 ………………………… 10
第一節 中小企業現況分析與發展概況 ……10
第二節 工作接受意圖 …………………………19
第三節 組織吸引力 ……………………………29
第四節 大企業與中小企業求職者其工作接受意圖影響因素
之比較 ………………………………… 53
第五節 大企業與中小企業求職者其工作接受意圖影響因素
之比較 ……………………………… 55
第三章 研究方法 …………………………62
第一節 研究架構與假設 …………………………… 62
第二節 研究對象 ………………………………… 64
第三節 研究工具 ………………………………… 65
第四節 調查實施 ……………………………71
第五節 資料分析 …………………………… 79
第四章 研究結果與討論 …………………… 82
第一節 樣本描述 …………………………… 82
第二節 不同企業規模求職者之差異分析………… 85
第三節 招募活動構面、雇主知識構面、工作生活平衡對組織
吸引力之影響…………………………………… 90
第四節 組織吸引力對招募活動、雇主知識、工作生活平衡
與作接受意圖關係之中介效果…………………… 97
第五章 結論與建議 ………………… 109
第一節 研究主要發現 ……………………109
第二節 研究結論 ……………………………112
第三節 研究建議 ………………………………116
第四節 研究限制 ……………………………121

參考文獻 …………………………123

附錄
附錄一 預試項目分析 …………………… 158
附錄二 正式問卷 …………………… 162


表目次
表3-1: 預試發放與回收狀況…………………………69
表3-2: 招募活動量表………………………………… 73
表3-3: 招募活動之區別效度………………………… 74
表3-4: 雇主知識量表………………………………… 75
表3-5: 雇主知識之區別效度………………………… 75
表3-6: 工作生活平衡量表…………………………… 76
表3-7: 組織吸引力量表 …………………………… 77
表3-8: 組織吸引力之區別效度……………………… 78
表3-9: 工作接受意圖…………………………………78
表3-10: 單一因子檢測法之分析結果………………………79
表4-1: 有效樣本之基本資料統計……………………………83
表4-2: 各變項與構面之敘述性統計與相關係數 …………… 85
表4-3: 大企業與中小企業求職者差異分析…………… 86
表4-4: 大企業與中小企業求職者之招募活動差異分析……… 87
表4-5: 大企業與中小企業求職者之雇主知識差異分析…… 88
表4-6: 大企業與中小企業求職者之組織吸引力差異分析…… 89
表4-7: 大企業與中小企業求職者之工作接受意圖差異分析… 90
表4-8: 招募活動、雇主知識、工作生活平衡各個構面與組織吸引力之階層迴歸分析…………………………… 91
表4-9: 大企業之招募活動、雇主知識、工作生活平衡各構面與組織吸引力階層迴歸分析………………………… 93
表4-10:
中小企業招募活動、雇主知識、工作生活平衡各構面與組織吸引力階層迴歸分析…………………………… 96
表4-11: 招募活動、雇主知識、工作生活平衡與組織吸引力之階層迴歸分析………………………………………… 99
表4-12: 大企業之招募活動、雇主知識、工作生活平衡與組織吸引力階層迴歸分析………………………………………… 100
表4-13: 中小企業之招募活動、雇主知識、工作生活平衡與組織吸引力之階層迴歸分析……………………………………101
表4-14: 招募活動、雇主知識、工作生活平衡、組織吸引力與工作接受意圖之階層迴歸分析………………………………103
表4-15: 大企業招募活動、雇主知識、工作生活平衡、組織吸引力與工作接受意圖階層迴歸分析……………………………105
表4-16: 中小企業招募活動、雇主知識、工作生活平衡、組織吸引力與工作接受意圖階層迴歸分析………………………106
表4-17: 大企業與中小企業求職者組織吸引力與工作接受意圖之影響因素比較………………………………………………108
表5-1: 研究假設結果彙整…………………………110

圖目次
圖2-1: 不同路徑的工作選擇模型……………………… 21
圖2-2: 求職者的反應機制與工作選擇模型…………… 23
圖3-1: 研究架構…………………………………… 63
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