臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文應用XFDTD時域有限差分套裝模擬軟體，來建構手持式讀取器天線之分析模型並進行模擬，設計了一些適用於915MHz之手持式讀取器天線，其中手持式讀取器天線必須有高前後增益比，以減少往人體輻射之電磁波，並且讀取器天線反射損失要低，來提高標籤信號接收的靈敏度。本研究實作與測量了讀取器天線的反射損失與遠場輻射場型，其結果與XFDTD模擬結果相當吻合，驗證了模擬軟體與分析模型的正確性。另外，本論文亦分析了13.56MHz讀取器天線之工作特性，以探討影響此讀取器讀取距離之因素，其中乃應用有限元素套裝模擬軟體HFSS評估讀取器之讀取距離，並瞭解讀取器天線週遭物體對於讀取距離所造成之影響。

This thesis applies a finite difference time domain simulation software package, XFDTD to develop the simulation model of the portable reader antenna. Some portable reader antennas for applications in the 915MHz have been designed, which show high front to back ratio to reduce electromagnetic waves radiating backward to the user. Also, the return loss of the reader antenna should be low to have good sensitivity in detecting tag responses. Then, those portable reader antennas have been fabricated, and the return loss and radiation patterns of the antennas have been measured. Good agreements between measurements and XFDTD simulations are obtained, which verify the program simulations. In addition, the properties of the 13.56MHz reader antenna are studied to analyze the factors influencing the response distance of the reader. A finite element simulation software package, HFSS is applied to determine the response distance of the reader and to evaluate the effects of the objects surrounding the reader antenna on the response distance.

摘 要 i
Abstract ii
致 謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vi
表目錄 x
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究內容 2
1.3 章節概述 2
第二章 射頻辨識系統原理概述 3
2.1 前言 3
2.2 RFID系統元件 4
2.3 RFID系統分類 7
2.4 RFID之操作頻率 8
2.5 RFID系統特性 10
2.6 RFID系統安全規範 12
第三章 天線理論 14
3.1 天線輻射理論 14
3.2 基本天線形式 15
3.3 天線性能的判別 17
3.4 Balun基本介紹 25
第四章 射頻辨識讀取器天線設計 28
4.1 讀取器的操作原理 28
4.2 讀取器的組成模組 28
4.3 射頻辨識讀取器天線設計策略 30
4.4 手持式讀取器天線設計 33
4.4.1 手持式讀取器天線之參數設定 33
4.4.2 手持式讀取器天線設計例－讀取器1 34
4.4.3 手持式讀取器天線設計例－讀取器2 45
第五章 13.56MHz讀取器天線特性分析與評估 54
5.1 13.56MHz射頻辨識系統電磁耦合特性基本原理 54
5.2 天線樣品之基本特性 56
5.3 阻抗匹配實驗與模擬 60
5.4 環形天線電流模擬與實測 62
5.5 周遭金屬對讀取器影響之探討 68
第六章 結論 75
6.1 總結 75
6.2 具體成果 75
6.3 未來研究與發展方向 76
參考文獻 77
附錄A: 模擬軟體簡介(XFDTD) 79
A.1 前言 79
A.2 時域有限差分法之解析原理 79
A.3 Yee的解析方法 79
A.4 時域有限差分法之解析步驟 80
A.5 套裝模擬軟體XFDTD之使用說明 83
附錄B: 模擬軟體簡介(HFSS) 90
B.1 前言 90
B.2 有限元素法 90
B.3 套裝模擬軟體HFSS之操作說明 91
作者簡介 97

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