臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

切換式電源轉換器其優點為轉換效率高、重量較輕，相較於傳統線性式電源轉換器，可以獲得更寬廣的降壓或升壓範圍，因此近年來被工業界應用於可攜式的電子產品與設備。本論文主旨在研製一具有順滑模態電壓控制之升壓-降壓轉換器，達成穩定期望電壓控制輸出。控制策略首先設計一穩定滑動曲面函數，利用其切換函數將整個空間分隔成三個子空間，再根據Lyapunov穩定理論設計控制器，迫使系統軌跡在空間之外時，能夠使系統軌跡在有限時間內接觸到定滑動曲面，並當軌跡在進入此定滑動曲面後能夠順著曲面以指數方式滑向系統控制平衡點。此外，控制器的實現是採用固定頻率之脈波寬度產生控制切換開關之責任週期，使其輸出電壓在負載變動的影響降下，系統依舊能維持在期望之電壓，且保持穩定性。硬體設計則整合了轉換器、控制器、鋸齒波電路及驅動電路，並利用PSpice模擬軟體驗證系統在不同負載下，均能使輸出電壓維持在期望之電壓。最後再針對不同輸入電壓及負載不確定性，分別驗證其控制架構之可行性。

Comparing with the conventional power converters, switching power converters possess the advantages of high efficiency, small size and wide range of voltage operation, so that they are widely applied in the application of portable electronic products and equipment in recent years. This thesis mainly focuses on the development and implementation of Buck/Boost converter with a sliding mode voltage controller, to achieve the stable desired controlled voltage output. Firstly, the stable sliding surface function is designed due to the control system. It can be observed that the entire controlled region can be divided into three subspaces. Based on Lyapunov stable theory, the controller is proposed to enforce the system trajectory from the arbitrary point toward the sliding surface in the finite time, remain on the surface and slides along to equilibrium point exponentially. In addition, based on a fixed frequency pulse width modulation technology, the proposed controller is realized by controlling the duty cycle of switch device to achieve desired stable voltage output under the influence of loading variation. The hardware system includes the integrated design of converters, controller, sawtooth signal generation circuit and drive circuit. According to the simulation software of PSpice, the, the encouraged system performance is validated by the testing of different loadings. Finally, the hardware system is implemented by analogic circuit to verify feasibility of the proposed control structure according to the different voltage inputs and loading uncertainties.

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
致謝 iii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vii
圖目錄 viii
符號列表 xi
第1章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機與目的 1
1.2文獻回顧 2
1.3 論文架構 6
第2章 DC/DC轉換器之數學模型 7
2.1 降壓式電源轉換器 9
2.1.1 降壓轉換器動作原理 10
2.1.2 電流導通模式 12
2.2 升壓式電源轉換器(Boost converter) 17
2.2.1 動作原理 17
2.3 降-升壓式電源轉換器(Buck-Boost converter) 21
2.3.1 動作原理 21
第3章 順滑模態數學模型 24
3.1順滑模態控制器應用於降壓轉換器 25
3.1.1 順滑模態設計之降壓轉換器 25
3.1.2 順滑模態控制之順滑條件 26
3.1.3 迫近模態之迫近條件 28
3.1.4 滑動係數的選取 32
3.2 順滑模態控制器應用於升壓轉換器 34
3.2.1 順滑模態設計之升壓轉換器 34
3.2.2 滑動係數的選取 37
第4章 實驗系統規劃及實驗結果 39
4.1 硬體電路設計 39
4.1.1 控制電路設計 41
4.1.2 鋸齒波電路 43
4.1.3 驅動電路 43
4.2 降壓轉換器模擬結果 45
4.3 降壓轉換器實驗結果 51
4.4升壓轉換器硬體電路設計 57
4.4.1 控制電路設計 59
4.5升壓轉換器實驗結果 61
第5章 結論與未來研究方向 66
5.1 結論與討論 66
5.2 未來研究方向 66
參考文獻 68

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