臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

自西元2003年7月至2006年4月間，不定期在臺灣及其離島水域採集海膜藻科（Halymeniaceae）藻種，進行分子序列分析及光學顯微鏡觀察。在本研究中，共計鑑定出3屬，6個藻種。包含4個未描述種。同時，也描述各種類的外型、營養構造、生殖結構、分佈與發生季節。
本研究以rbcL基因序列為分子標記分析，共使用46個分類單元，以Modeltest v3.7分析軟體中階層式概度比檢定46個分類單元之rbcL基因片段序列，發現最適當的核苷酸取代模式為GTR+I+G evolutionary model。依據參數進行最大簡約性分析所得最大簡約親緣關係樹 (MP tree) 中，顯示海膜藻科藻屬形成一個單系群，並具高度統計支持度 (MP BS = 100，ML BS = 100，NJ BS = 100) 。其中，與那藻屬亦為一單系群 (Tribe Yonagunia clade, MP BS = 100，ML BS = 100，NJ BS = 100)) ，而盾果藻屬亦為單系群 (Tribe Carpopeltis clade, MP BS = 99，ML BS = 100，NJ BS = 100)，並且與那藻屬互為姐妹群；海柏藻屬 (Tribe Polyopes clade, MP BS = 100，ML BS = 100，NJ BS = 100)、形成海柏藻屬單系群。而與與那藻屬互為駢系群。

The specimens were extensively collected from Taiwan and its offshore islands from July, 2003 to April, 2006. In this study, three genera and six species of extent Halymeniaceae, including four undescribed species, were indentified by molecular analysis, LM observations. Furthermore, the external characteristic, reproductive structures, geographical distribution and seasonal occurrence were described in detail.
In the rbcL gene sequence analysis, forty-six operation taxonomic units were tested by Modeltest software v3.7 in order to find the fittest evolutionary models of DNA substitution. Based on the Modeltest analysis, a GTR model with invariant sites and a gamma shape parameter was used. The topology of the maximum parsimonious tree showed the Halymeniaceae formed a monophyletic clade with full statistical support (MP BS = 100，ML BS = 100，NJ BS= 100) . Among this assemblage, the Tribe Yonagunia was also a monophyletic clade with full statistical support (Tribe Yonagunia clade, MP BS = 100，ML BS = 100，NJ = 100), the Tribe Carpopeltis was a paraphyletic clade. Within the Tribe Halymeniaceae clade, It was also strongly supported sister group relationship between genus Yonagunia formed a Carpopeltis clade (MP BS = 99，ML BS =100，NJ BS= 100). Within the Tribe Polyopes clade, genus Polyopes was a monophyletic clade (MP BS = 100，ML BS = 100，NJ BS= 100), and paraphyletic with respect to genus Yonagunia。

目錄………………………………………………… i
表目錄…………………………………………… iii
圖目錄…………………………………………… iv
謝誌……………………………………………………… v
摘要………………………………………………………vi
Abstract……………………………………………… vii
專有名詞…………………………………………… viii
壹、前言…………………………………………… 1
貳、海膜藻科的特徵……………………………… 4
一、藻體形態………………………………… 4
(一) 形態特徵……………………………… 4
(一) 生殖構造……………………………… 4
二、生殖方式與生活史……………………… 4
(一) 有性生殖……………………………… 4
(二) 無性生殖……………………………… 5
(三) 生活史………………………………… 5
三、臺灣產海膜藻科各屬分類檢索表………………………… 5
參、文獻探討…………………………………………………… 8
一、紅藻植物門 (Rhodophyta) 簡介…………………………8
二、海膜藻科相關研究……………………………………… 9
三、本省研究歷史…………………………………………… 10
四、紅藻親緣關係研究……………………………………… 10
肆、材料及方法………………………………………………… 12
一、藻種採集與保存………………………………………… 12
二、分子序列分析…………………………………………… 14
(一) DNA萃取…………………………………………… 14
(二) 基因擴增…………………………………………… 15
(三) 純化聚合脢連鎖反應產物………………………… 16
(四) 定序反應及基因定序…………………………… 16
(五) 親緣關係分析…………………………………… 17
三、形態觀察…………………………………………………18
伍、結果……………………………………………………… 20
一、分子序列分析………………………………………… 20
二、藻體觀察……………………………………………… 34
陸、討論…………………………………………………… 46
柒、結論…………………………………………………… 48
捌、參考文獻……………………………………………… 49

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