臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究主要以磷酸三鈣、氫氧基磷灰石及氧化鋁與氫氧化物製備生醫複合材料，主要原因是磷酸三鈣、氫氧基磷灰石及氧化鋁等生醫材料，具有生物相容性及優良機械性質。其中氫氧基磷灰石具有優良生物相容性，並且與骨骼成份相近，而氧化鋁具有生物惰性。 除了氫氧基磷灰石和磷酸三鈣為主要材料外，在製程反應中，藉由燒結添加劑NaOH及KOH加入在低溫產生燒結反應。其中燒結溫度分別設定350℃和900℃，及450℃和900℃來觀察燒結收縮率及相組成。
　　傳統的氫氧基磷灰石及磷酸三鈣複合材料均需藉由高溫燒結來完成，其中溫度需要達到T>1000℃以上。而本研究利用氫氧化物燒結添加劑發現：在350℃及450℃燒結情況下，反應燒結後的磷酸鈣加氧化鋁複合材料，尺寸收縮約1~2％左右。至於在900℃燒結的樣品，有些樣品的燒結緻密性可高達90％以上。
　　至於燒結後複合材相組成，氫氧基磷灰石及氧化鋁複合材料是以氫氧基磷灰石(HA)加α-Al2O3的樣品結構，至於磷酸三鈣及氧化鋁的複合材料是以β-Ca3(PO4)2及α-Al2O3晶體結構為主，至於是否產生α-Ca3(PO4)2晶體結構將進一步討論。燒結後樣品的微觀組織，其中磷酸三鈣，氫氧基磷灰石及氧化鋁的精力並沒有明顯成長的現象。至於樣品製備、燒結機構及相關的物理特性相關性將詳細討論。

Tri-calcium phosphate(Ca3(PO4)2), hydroxyapatite(Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2), aluminum oxide(Al2O3), and hydroxide are used to prepare biocomposites in this study. This is because tri-calcium phosphate , hydroxyapatite, and aluminum oxide are bio-compatible with excellent mechanical properties. Among them, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 is similar to the composition of natural bone, and Al2O3 is bioisert. Except for these three materials, NaOH and KOH are added to react-sinter with them at low temperatures, which are 350℃ and 900℃, or 450℃ and 900℃, to observe dimension shrinkage and phase existence after sintering.
In tradition, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 (HA) or Ca3(PO4)2 composites are mostly sintered at high temperatures, which are T>1000℃. In this study , under a sintering condition at 350℃ or 450℃, most of sintered Ca3(PO4)2 + Al2O3 , or Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 + Al2O3 specimens show their linear shrinkage with 1~2%. When specimens being sintered at 900℃, some specimens show their densification rate up to 90%.
As to phase existence of sintered specimens : HA+ Al2O3 composites contain. HA and α-Al2O3 crystal structures. Ca3(PO4)2 + Al2O3 composites contain β-Ca3(PO4)2 and α-Al2O3 crystal structures. whether α-Ca3(PO4)2 exists in these sintered specimens will be further discussed. As to microstructures, Ca3(PO4)2, Al2O3, and HA do not show any significant grain growth. As to the correlations among sample preparations, sintering mechanisms, and physical properties, are discussed in detail.

中文摘要 I
英文摘要 III
誌謝 IV
總目錄 V
表目錄 VIII
圖目錄 IX
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究背景及動機 2
第二章 理論基礎 4
2.1 生醫材料簡介 4
2.2 理想人體硬組織植入材 7
2.3 常見生醫骨科材料 8
2.3.1 骨科金屬植入材 8
2.3.2 骨科陶瓷植入材 9
2.4.1 氫氧基磷灰石結構 11
2.4.2 氫氧基磷灰石的基本性質 12
2.5 磷酸鈣鹽類 14
2.6 生物活性 15
2.7 機械性質的考量 16
第三章 實驗方法 17
3.1 實驗藥品 17
3.2 實驗步驟 17
3.2.1 KOH 與NaOH 水溶液製備 18
3.2.2 粉末混合與低溫熱處理 18
3.3 物性量測及微觀組織觀察 20
3.3.1 燒結收縮率分析 20
3.3.2 微觀組織觀察 20
3.3.3 晶體結構分析 21
第四章結果與討論 22
4.1 燒結完後複合材料收縮率分析 22
4.1.1 以 10wt%KOH 為燒結添加劑之樣品收縮率 22
4.1.2 以 20wt%KOH 為燒結添加劑之樣品收縮率 23
4.1.3 以 10wt%NaOH 為燒結添加劑之樣品收縮率 24
4.1.4 燒結至 900℃之樣品收縮率 24
4.2 微觀組織觀察 26
4.2.1 H7K1 不同溫度燒結後之比較 26
4.2.2 H7K2 不同溫度燒結後之比較 28
4.2.3 H7N1 不同溫度燒結後之比較 29
4.2.4 H7K1、H7K2 及H7N1 不同溫度燒結後之結果討論 31
4.2.5 H8K1、H8K2 及H8N1 之結果 31
4.2.6 H8K1、H8K2 及H8N1 燒結後之結果討論 34
4.2.7 H9K1L 燒結後之結果討論 34
4.2.8 H10K1H、H10K2H 及H10N1H 燒結後之結果討論 35
4.2.9 T7K1 不同溫度燒結後之比較 37
4.2.10 T7K2 不同溫度燒結後之比較 39
4.2.11 T7N1 不同溫度燒結後之比較 40
4.2.12 T10K1 不同溫度燒結後之比較 42
4.2.13 T10K2 不同溫度燒結後之比較 43
4.2.14 T10N1 不同溫度燒結後之比較 45
4.2.15 所有樣品在不同溫度燒結後的結果討論 46
4.2.16 H10 剖斷面不同燒結添加劑之比較 47
4.3 晶體結構分析 48
4.3.1 H7K1H、H7K2H 及H7N1H 之XRD 圖比較 48
4.3.2 H7K1L、H7K2L 及H7N1L 之XRD 圖比較 49
4.3.3 H10K1H、H10K2H 及H10N1H 之XRD 圖比較 50
4.3.4 H10K1L、H10K2L 及H10N1L 之XRD 圖比較 51
4.3.5 T7K1H、T7K2H 及T7N1H 之XRD 圖比較 52
4.3.6 T7K1L、T7K2L 及T7N1L 之XRD 圖比較 53
4.3.7 T10K1H、T10K2H 及T10N1H 之XRD 圖比較 54
4.3.8 T10K1L、T10K2L 及T10N1L 之XRD 圖比較 55
4.3.9 選用 10wt%KOH 作為燒結添加劑之XRD 圖比較 56
4.3.10 選用 20wt%KOH 作為燒結添加劑之XRD 圖比較 57
4.3.11 選用 10wt%NaOH 作為燒結添加劑之XRD 圖比較 58
4.3.12 所有樣品在不同溫度燒結後的XRD 圖討論 59
第五章結論 60
第六章 參考文獻 62

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