臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

巴拿馬是在二十世紀初，藉由美國的協助而獲得獨立的新興國家。因巴拿
馬處於中美洲和南美洲的交界，是美洲地理上建運河連接太平洋和大西洋
的最短距離。故美國在巴拿馬建了溝通兩洋的運河並在運河區駐軍。因此
，巴拿馬和美國的衝突就開始了。在一九六八年軍事政變以前，巴拿馬的
文人政府均不敢公開地反對美國政府。所以導致了巴拿馬人民和美國僑居
在運河區的公民的經常衝突，使巴國人民產生了反美國和民族主義的情緒
。在一九六八年軍事政變以後，出現了兩位軍事強人。一位是杜里荷將軍
，在他執政期間，巴拿馬對抗美國是為了爭回運河和運河區的主權，解除
不平等的運河條約，收復被租借的國土。而另一位軍事強人是諾瑞加將軍
，在他執政期間，巴拿馬與美國對抗是為了保有他個人的地位和利益。所
以本論文即是針對這兩位軍事強人執政時期和美國不同的外交政策做探討
。

At the beginning of twenty century, Panama was a new
independent country by the help of the United States. As the
boundary between Central American and South American , Panama
was the narrowest isthmus to connect the Pacific Ocean and the
Atlantic Ocean. Then, the United States built an interoceanic
canal in Panama and garrisoned in canal zone. Therefore, it
began the conflict between Panama and the United States. Before
the coup d''etat in 1968, Panama''s government dared not to
oppose to the United States. So it happened that there were a
lot of conflicts between Panama''s and the United States''s
people . It made the Panama''s people emerge the emotion of anti-
american and the nationalism. Afer the coup d''etat in 1968, it
appeared two military powerful men. One was General Omar
Torrijos, who struggled for the sovereignty of the canal and
the canal zone, abolished the unequal canal treaty and
recovered territory of Panama . The other was General Manuel
Noriega, who struggled for the military position and advantage
for himself. This thesis focused on the research of the
different external relationship during the period of the two
military powerful men.