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This study adopts qualitative research and employs in-depth interviews and a literature review to collect and inductively analyze data on the family discipline on and learning adjustment of children of new inhabitants. An endeavor is made to accomplish the following research objectives: (1) To analyze the discipline methods employed by new-inhabitant families on their children; (2) to determine the learning adjustment conditions of children of new inhabitants; (3) to determine the awareness homeroom teachers have on the learning conditions of children of new inhabitants; and (4) to summarize the difficulties between the family discipline on and learning adjustment of children of new inhabitants, and subsequently provide suggestions to facilitate relief strategy development. To accomplish the proposed objectives, a junior high school located in Penghu County was selected in the 2011 academic year as the research case for this study. The study sites separately comprised the private residences and the school of the respondents. In addition, the study respondents comprised 6 members, including 2 new female inhabitants from Indonesia, their children and the homeroom teachers of their children. According to the interviews and analytical results, the research findings primarily comprise the following: 1.The education beliefs of the new-inhabitant mothers emphasized courtesy, morality and integrity. 2.The new-inhabitant families adopted a high concern, low authority disciplinary approach to care for the behavior and schoolwork of their children. 3.Because of urban-rural differences and lacking cultural stimuli, the study plans and note-taking behaviors of the children of new inhabitants presented passive conditions. 4.The new-inhabitant families exhibited low socioeconomic statuses, and their children preferred to self-study at school and borrow extracurricular reading material from libraries. 5.With increased grade, the score differences between resident and new-resident children became smaller. The learning efficacy for Mandarin and PE classes exhibited excellent adjustment conditions, while that for Math and Science classes was relatively low. 6.After-school tutoring and night classes offered by the school facilitated the enhancement of learning adjustment conditions of children of new inhabitants. 7.New-inhabitant parents’ participation in parental education facilitated their awareness in the learning adjustment of their children. According to the study conclusion, relevant suggestions are formulated for the research on the learning adjustment of children of new inhabitants in junior high schools. These suggestions can be provided as a valuable reference to new-inhabitant families, schools, education administration authorities and future related research.
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