臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要(第一部分)
感測材料ZnO-CuO和Pt/ZnO-CuO在一氧化碳（CO）進行感測。感測材料的特性藉由TPR、HR-TEM、XRD定性分析。ZnO-CuO藉由分析儀器發現複合材料發一個氣體感測的活性感測中心。在室溫下對1000 ppm CO感測信號感測結果，得到一個最佳比例ZnO-CuO(1:1 wt%)感測信號為1.28(Rco/Rair)，感測時間(response time) 41秒及回復時間(recovery time) 86秒。然而在1000 ppm CO下，0.4% Pt含浸在ZnO-CuO(1:1)，感測信號提高到2.64(Rco/Rair)，感測時間(response time)及回復時間(recovery times)都為81秒。一氧化碳濃度在100 ppm~1000 ppm之間， 0.4% Pt/ZnO–CuO感測檢量線R2=0.9908。一氧化碳氣體感測在材料表面上的吸附及脫附反應機制探討在本文中。

摘要(第二部分)
聚氧乙烯山梨醇酐單油酸酯（TWEEN 80）和矽酸四乙酯（TEOS）作為有機和無機前驅物，通過微波輔助溶膠 - 凝膠方法製備奈米結構混成薄膜。TWEEN 80/TEOS奈米混成材料特徵由FT-IR光譜表示TWEEN 80和TEOS之間的有機 - 無機網狀物形成。藉由XRD圖譜及TEM分析結果表示，TWEEN 80/TEOS非晶形奈米混成薄膜結構的形成。奈米混成材料表面粗糙度測量使用的是1150 nm原子力顯微鏡(AFM)測量薄膜厚度18-20 µm之間。室溫下30-100 ppb NO於 1 % SWCNT (single walled carbon nanotube)/TTH (TWEEN 80/TEOS 奈米混成)感測結果R2 =0.9958。TWEEN 80/TEOS奈米混成薄膜在感測NO氣體結果表現出有較佳的感測信號及反應時間。使用Material Studio軟體針對NO分子吸附於TWEEN 80/TEOS奈米混成結構，在NO氣體吸附能量與吸附位置，解釋感測材料在NO氣體的感測特性。

ABSTRACT(PartI)
A study sensing carbon monoxide (CO) was performed with ZnO-CuO and Pt/ZnO-CuO. These materials were characterized by temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Composite materials of ZnO-CuO were found to have an active sensing center, the sensor response was obtained for optimized ratio of ZnO and CuO (1:1 weight ratio) yielded highest response of 1.28 (Rco/Rair) for 1000 ppm of CO at room temperature; the response and recovery times were found to be 41 and 86 s, respectively. However, loading 1:1 ZnO-CuO with 0.4% Pt boosted sensor response to 2.64 (Rco/Rair) for 1000 ppm CO concentration. The sensor responses were calculated for CO concentrations of 100 to 1000 ppm with 0.4% Pt/ZnO-CuO. Both the response and recovery times were found to be 81 s. A mechanism for CO sensor response was put forward with reference to CO adsorption and desorption.

ABSTRACT(PartII)
Gas sensitive nanostructured hybrid films were synthesized via microwave assisted sol-gel route using Polyoxyethylened (80) sorbitan monooleate (TWEEN 80) and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS). TWEEN 80 and TEOS were used as organic and inorganic precursors respectively. FT-IR spectra of the TWEEN 80/TEOS nanohybrid material revealed the formation of organic- inorganic networks between TWEEN 80 and TEOS. XRD spectra and micrographs showed the formation of TWEEN 80/TEOS amorphous nano hybrid film like structures. Surface roughness was measured using an AFM was 1150 nm and measured film thicknesses were between 18-20 µm. 1 % SWCNT (single walled carbon nanotube)/TTH (Tween 80/TEOS nano hybrids) named as 1 % CNT/TTH, CNT/TTH sensor response for 30 to 100 ppb NO concentrations was R2 = 0.9958. Hybrid films have showed better sensor response and faster response time (t90; 290 s). Using Material Studio software, the adsorption phenomena were explained to that of NO gas sensing property.

第一部分: Pt含浸在ZnO-CuO異質結材料在室溫下一氧化碳感測
摘要
Abstract
目錄
表目錄
圖目錄
第一章 緒論 1
1-1. 一氧化碳的簡介 1
1-2氣體感測器的簡介 2
1-3氣體感測器的種類 8
1-3.1金屬氧化物半導體氣體感測器 8
1-3.2熱線半導體氣體感測器 10
1-3.3固態電解質氣體感測器 11
1-3.4觸媒燃燒式氣體感測器 12
1-4奈米材料簡介 15
1-4.1奈米材料的種類 16
1-4.2奈米材料的物理效應 17
1-4.3奈米材料的製備方法 18
第二章 理論基礎 21
2-1.1氧化鋅的(ZnO)基本性質 21
2-1.2氧化銅的(CuO)基本性質 23
2-1.3鉑金的(Pt)基本性質 24
2-2.1半導體概述 25
2-2.2 N型半導體與P型半導體 26
2-2.3 費米能階（Fermi-level） 27
2-2.4同質接合(Homojunction)與異質接合(Heterojunction) 27
2-2.5 p-n接合(p-n junction) 27
2-2.6 n-n接合(n-n junction) 28
2-3金屬氧化物半導體感測機制 29
2-4.1吸附特性理論 31
2-4.2 空乏型吸附(Depletion adsorption) 31
2-4.3 積蓄型吸附(Accumulation adsorption) 32
2-5.1 氣體感測過程 35
2-5.2 氣體感測性質之改良及未來發展 35
2-5.3 CO氣體感測器的文獻回顧 37
第三章 實 驗 44
3-1 實驗藥品 44
3-2 樣品製備方法 46
3-2.1 製備ZnO-CuO感測材料 46
3-2.2 製作感測材料Pt/ZnO-CuO 46
3-3 樣品鑑定 48
3-3.1 程溫還原系統(Temperature-Programmed Reduction, TPR) 48
3-3.2 X光繞射儀(X-Ray Diffraction, XRD) 49
3-3.3穿透式電子顯微鏡(Trasmission Electron Microscope，TEM) 50
3-3.4 循環伏安法(Cyclic Voltammetry，CV) 52
3-4 氣體感測器的測試 54
第四章 理論計算 58
4-1 Material Studio4.3 (MS 4.3) 軟體介紹 58
4-2模擬工具簡介 58
4-3 Discover模組介紹與參數 60
4-3.1 setup能量設定參數 60
4-3.2 Non-bond參數設定 61
第五章 結果與討論 62
5-1感測材料定性分析 62
5-1.1 感測材料TPR分析 62
5-1.2 感測材料XRD分析 63
5-1.3 感測材料TEM分析 65
5-1.4 感測材料CV分析 68
5-2感測材料感測分析 69
5-2.1感測材料CO感測Response、t90 、tR 69
5-2.2感測信號ZnO–CuO 和0.4% Pt/ZnO–CuO 不同比例材料 70
5-2.3 Pt含浸在ZnO–CuO感測材料 72
5-2.4 CO不同濃度影響 73
5-2.5 MS 4.3分析 76
5-2.6感測機制 77
第六章 結論 80
第七章 參考文獻 80

第二部分: 製備organic-inorganic (SWCNT/TWEEN-TEOS)奈米混成及一氧化氮感測性質
摘要
Abstract
目錄
表目錄
圖目錄
第一章 緒論 89
1-1. 一氧化氮的簡介 89
第二章 理論基礎 91
2-1.1聚氧乙烯山梨醇酐單油酸酯（TWEEN 80）基本性質 91
2-1.2矽酸四乙酯（TEOS）基本性質 93
2-2.1奈米碳管(carbon nanotubes，CNTs)基本簡介 95
2-2.2奈米碳管(carbon nanotubes，CNTs)基本特性 97
2-2.3奈米碳管(carbon nanotubes，CNTs)相關應用 100
2-3有機-無機奈米混成材料介紹 101
2-4.1溶膠-凝膠法(sol-gel) 102
2-4.2影響溶膠凝膠反應之主要因素 104
2-4.3溶膠-凝膠法(sol-gel)優缺點 107
2-5微波消化法( Microwave Digestion Method ) 108
2-6 NO氣體感測器的文獻回顧 109
第三章 實 驗 116
3-1 實驗藥品 116
3-2 樣品製備方法 118
3-2.1 製備TWEEN-TEOS混成材料 118
3-2.2 製備TWEEN-TEOS混成感測材料 120
3-2.3 製備CNT/TWEEN-TEOS混成感測材料 121
3-3.1 原子力顯微鏡(Atomic Force Microscopy, AFM) 122
3-3.2 傅氏紅外線轉換光譜儀(Fourier Transform - InfraRed spectroscopy, FT-IR) 124
3-3.3 X光繞射儀(X-Ray Diffraction, XRD) 125
3-3.4 穿透式電子顯微鏡(Trasmission Electron Microscope，TEM) 125
3-3.5 Material Studio 4.3 (MS 4.3) 126
3-4 氣體感測器的測試 126
第四章 結果與討論 127
4-1 感測材料定性分析 127
4-1.1 感測材料FT-IR分析 127
4-1.2 感測材料XRD分析 130
4-1.3 感測材料TEM分析 131
4-1.4 感測材料AFM分析 133
4-2 感測材料感測分析 135
4-2.1 TTH、CNT/TTH材料感測信號分析 135
4-2.2 NO濃度效應分析 137
4-2.3 干擾效應 140
4-2.4 感測機制 143
第五章 結論 148
第六章 參考文獻 150

第一部分: Pt含浸在ZnO-CuO異質結材料在室溫下一氧化碳感測

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第二部分: 製備organic-inorganic (SWCNT/TWEEN-TEOS)奈米混成及一氧化氮感測性質

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