臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

濱海植物指的是生長於海濱地區的植物，由於氣候與地理環境嚴苛，濱海植物發展出各種特殊的形態構造及生理機制來適應環境，不僅形態繁複繽紛，且發展出防風、抗旱、耐鹽等特色。本研究之目的在調查台灣濱海藥用植物資源，以提供醫藥開發與資源保育的參考。本研究經實地調查、採集、與初步物種鑑定，共收集濱海植物26科、43屬、45種，利用甲醇萃取濃縮得其粗萃物。進一步將此45種濱海植物甲醇粗萃物進行DPPH自由基與超氧陰離子清除活性試驗評估其抗氧化活性，並進行人類乳腺癌細胞之細胞毒殺活性試驗，結果發現其中多種粗萃物具有很顯著的抗氧化活性與細胞毒殺活性，值得進一步探討其所含有的生物活性成分。

The coastal plants refer to the plants growing in the coastal areas. Due to the harsh climate and geographical environments, the coastal plants developed various forms of special construction and physiological mechanisms to adapt to the environment, including the complicated colorful patterns, wind preventive, drought resistant, and salt tolerant features. The aim of this study is to investigate the coastal medicinal plants in Taiwan for the development of medicines and preservation of the plant resources. After the practical investigation, plant materials collection, and voucher specimen identification, totally 26 families, 43 genera, and 45 species were identified and subjected into the extraction with methanol. The methanol extracts were examined for their DPPH free radical and superoxide anion scavenging activity to evaluate the antioxidant potentials and the cytotoxicity against the human breast cancer cell lines. Among the tested, several extracts displayed significant antioxidant and cytotoxic bioactivities and were valuable to study the constituents in the future.

摘要 ……………………………………………………………………… i

Abstract ……………………………………………………………………… ii

誌謝 …………………………………………………………………………… iii

目錄 …………………………………………………………………………… iv

表目錄 ………………………………………………………………………… viii

圖目錄 ………………………………………………………………………… ix

第一章 緒論…………………………………………………………………… 1
第一節 前言………………………………………………………………… 1
第二節 氧化傷害…………………………………………………………… 1
第三節 發炎反應…………………………………………………………… 2
第四節 人類乳腺癌細胞的介紹…………………………………………… 2
第二章 濱海植物介紹………………………………………………………… 3
第一節 番杏科（Aizoaceae）……………………………………………… 4
1.1 海馬齒……………………………………………………………… 4
1.2 番杏………………………………………………………………… 5
第二節 石蒜科（Amaryllidaceae）………………………………………… 6
2.1 文珠蘭……………………………………………………………… 6
第三節 落葵科（Basellaceae）…………………………………………… 7
3.1 落葵………………………………………………………………… 7
第四節 紫草科（Boraginaceae）………………………………………… 8
4.1 白水木……………………………………………………………… 8
第五節 十字花科（Brassicaceae）………………………………………… 9
5.1 濱萊菔……………………………………………………………… 9
第六節 藜科（Chenopodiaceae）………………………………………… 10
6.1 馬氏濱藜…………………………………………………………… 10
6.2 變葉藜……………………………………………………………… 11
第七節 使君子科（Combretaceae）……………………………………… 12
7.1 欖仁………………………………………………………………… 12
第八節 菊科（Compositae）……………………………………………… 13
8.1 大花咸豐草………………………………………………………… 13
8.2 雞觴刺…………………………………………………………… 14
8.3 野茼蒿……………………………………………………………… 15
8.4 天人菊……………………………………………………………… 16
8.5 長柄菊……………………………………………………………… 17
8.6 南美蟛蜞菊………………………………………………………… 18
第九節 旋花科（Convolvulaceae）……………………………………… 19
9.1 野牽牛………………………………………………………………… 19
9.2 馬鞍藤………………………………………………………………… 20
第十節 景天科（Crassulaceae）…………………………………………… 21
10.1 臺灣佛甲草………………………………………………………… 21
第十一節 大戟科（Euphorbiaceae）……………………………………… 22
11.1 綠珊瑚……………………………………………………………… 22
第十二節 豆科（Fabaceae）……………………………………………… 23
12.1 煉莢豆……………………………………………………………… 23
12.2 濱刀豆……………………………………………………………… 24
12.3 銀合歡……………………………………………………………… 25
12.4 賽芻豆……………………………………………………………… 26
12.5 濱豇豆……………………………………………………………… 27
第十三節 草海桐科（Goodeniaceae）…………………………………… 28
13.1 草海桐……………………………………………………………… 28
第十四節 鳶尾科（Goodeniaceae）……………………………………… 29
14.1 射干………………………………………………………………… 29
第十五節 陵齒蕨科（Lindsaeaceae）…………………………………… 30
15.1 闊片烏蕨…………………………………………………………… 30
第十六節 紫茉莉科（Nyctaginaceae）…………………………………… 31
16.1 紅花黃細心………………………………………………………… 31
第十七節 柳葉菜科（Onagraceae）……………………………………… 32
17.1 裂葉月見草………………………………………………………… 32
第十八節 露兜樹科（Pandanaceae）……………………………………… 33
18.1 林投………………………………………………………………… 33
第十九節 禾本科（Poaceae）……………………………………………… 34
19.1 巴拉草……………………………………………………………… 34
19.2 龍爪茅……………………………………………………………… 35
19.3 濱刺草……………………………………………………………… 36
19.4 鹽地鼠尾粟………………………………………………………… 37
第二十節 蓼科（Polygonaceae）………………………………………… 38
20.1 火炭母草…………………………………………………………… 38
20.2 羊蹄………………………………………………………………… 39
第二十一節 馬齒莧科（Polygonaceae）…………………………………… 40
21.1 馬齒莧……………………………………………………………… 40
21.2 毛馬齒莧…………………………………………………………… 41
第二十二節 茜草科（Rubiaceae）………………………………………… 42
22.1 滿天星……………………………………………………………… 42
第二十三節 繖形科（Umbelliferae）……………………………………… 43
23.1 濱當歸……………………………………………………………… 43
23.2 日本前胡…………………………………………………………… 44
第二十四節 蕁麻科（Urticaceae）………………………………………… 45
24.1 青苧蔴……………………………………………………………… 45
第二十五節 馬鞭草科（Verbenaceae）…………………………………… 46
25.1 苦林盤……………………………………………………………… 46
25.2 蔓荊………………………………………………………………… 47
第二十六節 蒺藜科（Zygophyllaceae）…………………………………… 48
26.1台灣蒺藜…………………………………………………………… 48
第三章 生理活性測試………………………………………………………… 49
第一節 DPPH自由基清除能力試驗……………………………………… 49
第二節 超氧陰離子清除能力試驗………………………………………… 50
第三節 細胞毒殺活性試驗………………………………………………… 51
第四章 結果與討論.………………………………………………………… 52
第一節 採集之濱海植物整理……………………………………………… 52
第二節 濱海植物萃取結果………………………………………………… 55
第三節 濱海植物粗萃物DPPH自由基清除試驗結果與討論…………… 57
第四節 濱海植物粗萃物超氧陰離子清除能力結果與討論……………… 60
第五節 濱海植物粗萃物細胞毒殺活性試驗結果與討論………………… 61
第五章 結論.......................................................................................................... 66
第六章 實驗部分……………………………………………………………… 67
第一節 實驗所使用之藥品與儀器………………………………………… 67
第二節 材料與方法……………………………………………………… 67
第三節 濱海植物之萃取步驟…………………………………………… 67
第四節 DPPH自由基清除實驗步驟………………………………… 68
第五節 細胞毒殺活性試驗步驟……………………………………… 68

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