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研究生:童思妍
研究生(外文):TUNG, SZ-YAN
論文名稱:台灣穀類糧商之發展及WTO因應策略之研究
論文名稱(外文):Research on the Reaction Strategies to World TradeOrganization of Taiwanese Grain Merchants
指導教授:江向才江向才引用關係
指導教授(外文):CHIANG, HSIANGTSAI
口試委員:林豐智李元恕
口試日期:2018-05-02
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:逢甲大學
系所名稱:經營管理碩士在職學位學程
學門:商業及管理學門
學類:企業管理學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2018
畢業學年度:106
語文別:中文
論文頁數:48
中文關鍵詞:穀類進出口保護農業產業收購稻穀穀類替代品小農經濟
外文關鍵詞:grain import and exportprotection of the agricultural industryacquisition of ricecereal substitutessmallholder economy
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本論文研究個案介紹:嘉士德國際有限公司,專業經營穀類進出口,目前國內收購內產的穀類有,白米、糙米、胚芽米、黑米、小米、紅米、紅薏仁,再將其分裝成各式品項包裝販賣通路市場。國外的穀類收購,目前在史瓦濟蘭契作有機白米,預備先進口到台灣做一銷售;對於出口穀類,目前無固定訂單和數量(台灣有出口管制)!穀類的收購主力在東部地區,只有少數穀類和特殊規格,才在西部作收購,目前台東有兩間碾米廠,以供應目前訂單!
台灣穀類糧商對於自身的發展,經營從原本政府的保護農業產業到目前開放市場貿易,多國各種穀類的競爭,讓糧商在經營穀類買賣的策略都需要有所變動!
研究個案問題以五力分析其策略及解決方案如下:
A. 現有競爭者(競爭力)
a. 自有碾米廠-大盤糧商(有知名自有品牌),強調出其品牌差異性和獨特性。
b. 自有碾米廠-大盤糧商(無知名自有品牌),著重在於「品牌」而非產出方!
B. 替代品(威脅力)
a. 替代穀類米糧類的主食產品,如小麥製品-麵粉、麵條、麵包等、馬鈴薯番薯芋頭等根莖類食物等替代穀類米糧,推出多元的穀類組合產品。
C. 消費者(議價力)
a. 台灣國內產的稻穀米糧作物,各地價格不一,導致價差,讓不混雜產地的良質米品牌形象強化,!
b. 進口的稻穀米糧作物,世界各處的穀糧進口,強調台灣自產的農產品的品質優越性大於價差的附加價值。
D. 供應商(議價力)
a. 契作農戶與米廠交易價格會因收成及市場兩大因素而變動,與碾米廠作一合理談判溝通。
b. 米廠從契作農戶收購稻穀原料後到加工過程中所遭遇到的成本變動,包裝加工佔總成本的5%,控制可控制成本!
c. 產品原料外的銷貨成本,如包裝袋、紙箱、運費、管銷費用等,降低變動幅度的方法是和上游廠商簽訂中長期合約!
E. 潛在競爭者(威脅力)
a. 新品牌糧商-從強化品牌方面執行,作好顧客五大服務,凸顯出本個案產品品牌之優越性!
b. 新興市場盛行的「小農經濟」崛起,強化本個案屬規模化有品質的包裝過程!作出與小農經濟的差異優越性!
中型糧商發展轉型大型糧商最大的重點在於「品牌化」糧商!將經營理念帶入品牌中,深化其正面品牌印象!再者,推廣品牌深度及廣度, 亦可因應開放穀類後的經營方向,作一進口與出口的雙向對流!

The research case of this thesis - Jia Shide International Co., Ltd., specializes in the import and export of cereals. At present, the domestically-purchased cereals include white rice, brown rice, germ rice, black rice, millet, red rice, and red barley. Various types of goods are sold in the market. Foreign grain acquisitions are currently being made in Swaziland Ranch as organic white rice, preparing for advanced sales to Taiwan for a sale; for export cereals, there are currently no fixed orders and quantities (Taiwan has export controls)! The main acquisition of cereals is in the eastern region. Only a handful of cereals and special specifications were purchased in the west. At present, there are two rice mills in Taitung to supply the current orders!
Taiwan's cereal grain merchants need to make changes to their own development, from the original government's protection of the agricultural industry to the opening up of market trade, and the competition of various cereals in various countries.
Study the problem of the case to analyze its strategy and solution with five forces as follows:
A. Existing competitors (competitive)
a. Own rice mills - Dapan Grain Merchants (a well-known private label) emphasize its brand differentiation and uniqueness.
b. Own Rice Mills - Dapan Grain Merchants (no well-known brands), focusing on "brand" rather than output!
B. Alternatives (threat)
a. Instead of cereals, staple cereal products such as wheat products—flour, noodles, and bread, etc., and potato and other root and stem foods are used as substitutes for cereals, and a variety of cereal products are introduced.
C. Consumers (bargaining power)
a. Taiwan's domestic rice and rice crops, prices vary across the country, leading to spreads, so that the brand image of good rice without contaminating the origin of production,!
b. Imported rice and rice crops, grain imports from all over the world, emphasizing that the superiority of the quality of agricultural products produced in Taiwan is greater than the added value of spreads.
D. Suppliers (bargaining power)
a. The price of the transaction between farmers and rice mills will change due to the two major factors of harvest and market, and a reasonable negotiation and communication with rice mills.
b. The costs incurred by the rice plant from the acquisition of the rice raw materials by the farmers to the processing process, the packaging process accounts for 5% of the total cost, and the control can control the cost.
c. The cost of goods sold outside of the raw materials, such as bags, cartons, shipping, and management costs, etc. The method of reducing the rate of change is to enter into mid- and long-term contracts with upstream manufacturers!
E. Potential competitors (threat)
a. The new brand of grain merchants - implemented from the aspect of strengthening the brand and making good customer service, highlighted the superiority of the product brand of this case!
b. The rise of the “small-scale farming economy” that is prevalent in emerging markets reinforces the case that this case is a large-scale and quality packaging process. It is to make the difference superior to the small-scale farming economy!
The transformation of medium-sized grain merchants The biggest focus of large-scale grain merchants is to “brandize” grain merchants, bring their business concepts into the brand, and deepen their positive brand image impressions. Furthermore, to promote the depth and breadth of the brand, they can also respond to open-class operations. Direction, as a two-way convection between import and export!

目  錄
誌  謝 I
摘  要 II
Abstract IV
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 VIII
第一章 導論 1
第一節 問題背景 2
第二節 問題形成 7
第二章 產業背景概述 11
第一節 產業分析 16
第二節 競爭者分析 21
第三章 問題分析 22
第一節 問題本質剖析 23
第二節 問題影響關係人事物 25
第三節 問題解決方式 26
第四節 問題解決工具-五力分析 28
第四章 解決方案與策略 30
第一節 解決方案分析 33
第二節 概念性架構 38
第五章 結論與建議 40
第一節 結論 42
第二節 建議 43
第三節 未來研究建議……………………………………………………………44
參考文獻 45
資料目錄……………………………………………………………………………..46

1、表1資料來源-行政院農業委員會農糧署網頁公告中的「農糧統計-糧價、糧商及當旬公糧收購數量資料查詢系統」http://210.69.25.143/report/
2、(資料來源節錄於經濟部國際貿易局-WTO入口網-入會歷史https://www.trade.gov.tw/cwto/Pages/Detail.aspx?nodeID=354&pid=312950&dl_DateRange=all&txt_SD=&txt_ED=&txt_Keyword=&Pageid=0)
3、表2資料來源-行政院農糧署官網-農糧統計-公務統計-農耕土地面積105年報
http://www.afa.gov.tw/GrainStatistics_index.aspx?CatID=518
4、表3資料來源:世界糧食及農業組織

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