臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

隨著眾多的物聯網裝置出現，這些裝置產生巨量的資料。傳送巨量的資料到雲端需要消耗大量頻寬，如此一來可能導致傳統物聯網網路面臨整體效能下降及網路擁塞的問題。此外，在物聯網中的應用程式需要傳送具有多項服務品質需求的多媒體訊息，以保證這些訊息能成功被傳送。在具代表性的研究中，MINA旨在滿足應用程式的多項服務品質需求。然而，它仍無法保證高優先權應用程式的多項服務品質需求能被滿足且無法因應當前網路狀況。為了克服上述問題，我們提出了一個基於軟體定義物聯網之應用程式感知的服務品質路由規劃演算法(AQRA)來保證高優先權應用程式的多項服務品質需求能被滿足且能因應當前網路狀況，以找出更好的路由路徑。AQRA運行在SDN控制器上，它包含三個主要部份：(1)流量分類: 當有資料流進入網路時，它會根據3GPP LTE QoS Class Identifier自動將資料流區分成不同優先等級；(2)服務品質路由規劃: 它基於模擬退火演算法且能因應當前網路狀況，來調整成本公式中的權重，從而找出一組能滿足延遲、抖動及封包遺失率需求的路由路徑。為了達到各路徑間的負載平衡，我們從該組路徑中考慮各路徑的可用頻寬來決定最後的路由路徑；(3)服務品質感知允入控制: 它對高優先權的資料流提供服務品質保證，同時避免低優先權的資料流發生飢餓問題。模擬評估結果顯示，AQRA比起MINA有更好的服務品質需求滿足率，且保證高優先權物聯網應用程式的多項服務品質需求能被滿足。AQRA在延遲、抖動、封包遺失率的平均端到端資料流效能分別優於MINA 10.75%，11.88%及10.82%。AQRA在延遲、抖動、封包遺失率的端到端資料流效能標準差分別優於MINA 14.37%，17.95%及14.28%。此外，AQRA的執行時間比MINA縮短38.56%。

With numerous emerging internet of things (IoT) devices, they generate big data. The big data transmitted to the remote cloud will consume massive network bandwidth. This may result in the traditional IoT network easily encountering performance degradation and network congestion problems. Moreover, there are IoT applications that need to transfer multimedia messages with multiple quality of service (QoS) requirements to guarantee messages delivered successfully in the IoT network. A state-of-the-art, MINA, intends to meet multiple QoS requirements of IoT applications; however, it is still unable to guarantee QoS requirements of high-priority IoT applications and unable to adapt to the current network status. To conquer the above problems, we propose an application-aware QoS routing algorithm (AQRA) for SDN-based IoT networking to guarantee multiple QoS requirements of high-priority IoT applications and to adapt to the current network status for better routing paths. The AQRA resides in the SDN controller and can be divided into three parts: (1) The traffic classification identifies the priority of each flow according to 3GPP LTE QoS Class Identifier; (2) The QoS routing first finds a set of routing paths according to QoS requirements of delay, jitter and packet loss rate of an IoT application, which is a simulated annealing based algorithm with adaptive weights in the cost function. We then consider the available bandwidth of each path when deciding the final routing path in order to achieve load balancing among the paths; (3) The QoS-aware admission control provides QoS guarantees to high-priority flows with starvation avoidance to low-priority flows. Evaluation results have shown that, the AQRA has better fitness ratios of QoS requirements compared to MINA, and multiple QoS requirements of high-priority IoT application are guaranteed. The AQRA improves the average end-to-end flow performance by 10.75%, 11.88% and 10.82% compared to MINA in terms of delay, jitter and packet loss rate, respectively. The AQRA improves the standard deviation of end-to-end flow performance by 14.37%, 17.95% and 14.28% compared to MINA in terms of delay, jitter and packet loss rate, respectively. In addition, the runtime of the AQRA is 38.56% shorter than that of MINA.

Abstract (in Chinese) i
Abstract iii
Contents vi
List of Figures viii
List of Tables ix
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Motivation 1
1.2 Problem statement 2
1.3 Contribution 2
1.4 Thesis outline 3
Chapter 2 Related Works 4
2.1 Architecture improvement 4
2.2 Algorithm improvement 5
Chapter 3 An Application-aware QoS Routing Algorithm 7
3.1 SDN-based IoT network architecture 7
3.2 Traffic classification 10
3.3 SA-based QoS routing 12
3.4 QoS-aware admission control 16
Chapter 4 Evaluation 20
4.1 Simulation setup 20
4.2 Simulation results and discussion 23
Chapter 5 Conclusion and Future Work 28
5.1 Conclusion remarks 28
5.2 Future work 29
Bibliography 30

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