臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近年來，國人對於環境汙染越來越關注，空氣汙染問題就是其中之一。根據歷年來相關研究成果顯示，機動車輛使用汽、柴油所排放之空氣污染物，在整體空氣污染之中佔極大比例 ，空氣汙染主要來自工業生產和交通工具的廢氣排放，隨著工業的發達和全球城市化，汙染也越來越嚴重，台灣目前有許多廢油再生處理廠面臨到的問題是再生油品中含有高濃度之有機硫，無法符合環保署法規之規定進行燃油直接利用。
而目前的脫硫技術已經在產業中被廣泛利用，然而這些脫硫技術其最大的問題在於設備、操作成本高且耗費能源以及所帶來的副產物。
本實驗在於使用離子液體(1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼化鹽) 去萃取模擬油品中硫份之藥品(苯並噻吩)，並將模擬油品中硫份濃度訂在500ppm，在研究中使用雙氧水(氧化劑)、鎢磷酸(過渡金屬催化劑)、溴化四辛基銨(界面活性劑)作為氧化藥品。
根據本實驗的合成離子液體1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸鹽與萃取結果，和文獻資料的相比較下，其離子液體的性質隨其分子結構的變化而產生不同的萃取結果，說明可以通過精心選擇陽離子和陰離子的配對或改變陽離子或陰離子的結構來調整離子液體的性質。因此在本實驗ODS(氧化脫硫)的具體應用中仍然有很大的空間來優化離子液體。

In recent years, people are increasingly concerned about environmental pollution, air pollution is one of them. According to the relevant research results over the years, motor vehicles use gasoline and diesel emissions of air pollutants, in the overall air pollution accounted for a large proportion of air pollution mainly from industrial production and transport emissions, with the industrial development and Global urbanization and pollution are becoming more and more serious. There are many waste oil recycling plants in Taiwan. The problem is that recycled oil contains high concentration of organic sulfur and can not be directly used in accordance with the regulations of EPD.

The current desulfurization technology has been widely used in the industry, but these desulfurization technology, its biggest problem is the equipment, high operating costs and energy consumption and the by-products.

The experiment was to use an ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroboronide) to extract the sulfur (phthalamide) in the simulated oil and set the sulfur concentration in the simulated oil 500 ppm, in the study using hydrogen peroxide (oxidant), tungstophosphoric acid (transition metal catalyst), tetraoctylammonium bromide (surfactant) as an oxidized drug.

According to the synthesis of ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate in this experiment with the extraction results, and the literature compared with the nature of its ionic liquid with its molecular structure changes produce different extraction results , Indicating that the properties of the ionic liquid can be adjusted by carefully selecting the cation or anion pairing or changing the structure of the cation or anion. Therefore, in this experiment ODS (oxidative desulfurization) in the specific application still has a lot of space to optimize the ionic liquid.

目錄
中文摘要 3
Abstract 5
誌謝 6
目錄 7
表目錄 10
圖目錄 12
縮寫表 14
第一章 前言 15
1.1 研究動機 15
1.2 研究目的 16
第二章 文獻回顧 17
2.1 硫化物的形成及影響 17
2.2 硫氧化物法規 18
2.3 現行油品脫硫技術探討 20
2.3.1 加氫脫硫法（Hydrodesulfurization, HDS） 20
2.3.2 生物脫硫法（Biocatalytic Desulfurization, BDS） 22
2.3.3 吸附劑脫硫法（Adsorption Desulfurization, ADS） 23
2.3.4 氧化脫硫法（Oxidative Desulfurization, ODS） 24
2.3.5 現行油品脫硫技術分析比較 26
2.4 新興的油品脫硫技術 28
2.4.1 離子液體脫硫法（Ionic Liquids Desulfurization） 28
2.4.2 超音波輔助氧化脫硫法（Ultrasound Assisted Oxidative Desulfurization, UAOD） 29
第三章 研究方法 31
3.1 研究架構與流程 31
3.2 實驗方法 33
3.2.1 苯並噻吩氧化之流程 33
3.2.2 氧化反應原理 35
3.2.3 製備離子液體之流程 36
3.2.4 兩相萃取之流程 39
3.2.5 RSM反應曲面法 40
3.2.6 Box-Behnken之實驗設計 41
3.3 樣品分析之儀器 44
3.4 實驗藥品 49
3.5 實驗設備 51
第四章 結果與討論 52
4.1 油品氧化 52
4.1.1 使用Box-Behnken法來進行實驗設計 58
4.1.2 氧化分析 60
4.1.3 氧化效率3D圖分析 64
4.2 氧化萃取 71
4.2.1 油品直接脫硫與氧化脫硫之去除效率比較 76
4.2.2 兩相萃取脫硫效率 77
4.2.3 萃取效率3D圖分析 81
第五章結論與建議 86
5.1 結論 86
5.2 建議 88
參考文獻 89

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