臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究主要探討第四次工業革命(工業4.0)對就業市場所造成的影響，運用資源基礎觀點深入了解並解釋工業4.0對工作職位的影響。本研究主要採用的資料來自世界經濟論壇的調查、20個網站以及3個期刊。主要的研究發現如下：第一，本研究提出工業4.0時代七大領域技術的知識技能，這些知識技能需求對工作職位有所影響；第二，以工作家族而言，技術相關領域的工作家族具有較高的成長趨勢，在這些工作家族工作的員工，需要強化七大技術領域之知識技能。第三，就產業別而言，七大技術領域除了對工作家族有所影響之外，工作領域在各產業有造成不同的影響；最後，經由本研究分析，電腦與數學及商業與財務受到工業4.0的影響最大。依據上述結論，本研究針對教育訓練實務提供具體建議。

This study presents the impact of the fourth industrial revolution, as well as providing a more in-depth understanding of the Resource Based View (RBV) to better explain the impact of that revolution on the jobs. The main data used in this study are the results of the World Economic Forum surveys, 20 web sites and 3 journals. The major findings can be summarized as follows. First, the skills and knowledge of the top seven technology trends in fourth industrial revolution collected will be helping a lot in improving the productivity and the production process for companies. Second, we found that technology-related work families are most affected and in the direction of positive growth. Those who work in these jobs family will need to improve the skills and knowledge of top seven technologies that we have collected. Third, the impacts of technological trends are not limited to work families but also specific industries. Finally, after compiling the data, we conclude that there are two job family computer and mathematical, and business and financial operations will be the most impacted by the fourth industrial revolution. Based on above conclusion, some useful suggestions are provided for education and training in practices.

Content
摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
CONTENTS III
LIST OF TABLES VI
LIST OF FIGURE VII
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1
1. Background 1
2. Research motivation 1
3. Research purpose 3
CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 4
1. Fourth industrial revolution 4
1.1 Definition 4
1.2 Feature 5
2. Technologies in industrial 4.0 6
2.1 In the field of physical 6
2.1.1 Self-driving cars 6
2.1.2 3D printing technology 7
2.1.3 Smart Robots and Machines 7
2.1.4 New materials 7
2.1.5 Energy storage 7
2.1.6 Cyber-Physical Systems and Marketplace 8
2.2 In the field of digital 8
2.2.1 Internet of things 8
2.2.2 Cloud technology 9
2.2.3 Blockchain platform 9
2.2.4 Artificial intelligence (AI) 9
2.2.5 Big Data 9
2.2.6 Virtual Industrialization 10
2.3 In the field of biological 10
2.3.1 Biotechnology 10
3. Human resource management 10
3.2.1 Definition of RBV 11
3.2.2 Classification of HR Based on RBV 12
3.2.3 Definition and elements of Core competence 12
3.2.4 The HR Requirements in industry 4.0 14
CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODS 19
1. Research Framework 19
2. Data collection methods 21
3. Data analysis methods 24
CHAPTER 4 DATA ANALYSIS 26
1. Skills and knowledge analysis 26
1.1 Cloud computing 29
1.2 Big data 31
1.3 Internet of things 33
1.4 Blockchain platform 34
1.5 Robotics 36
1.6 Artificial intelligence 38
1.7 3D printing 41
2. Job position analysis 43
CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION AND RECOMANDATION 54
1. Conclusion 54
2. Recommendation 55
References 57

LIST OF TABLES

Table 3.1 Research framework of data analysis skills and knowledge needed of technologies in industry 4.0 19
Table 3.2Research framework of employment effect of hot trend technologies, by job family 20
Table 3.3Research framework of significance of hot trend technologies, by industry 20
Table 4.1 the data analysis skills and knowledge needed of technologies in industry 4.0 26
Table 4.1.2 the technologies used in cloud computing service types. 29
Table 4.1.3 the technologies of the IoT 33
Table 4.2 Employment effect of hot trend technologies, by job family 43
Table 4.3 Significance of hot trend technologies, by industry 46
Table 4.4 Top three job families needed in each industry 48

list of figure
Figure 2.1 Step of marketing research 17

Ackeren, J. V. & Schröder, T. (2016). Trends in Indstrie 4.0 (pp. 10). Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft.
Afuah, A. (2003). Innovation Management: Strategies, Implementation, and Profits (2nd ed.), pp. 52. Oxford University Press.
Bahga, A. & Madisetti, V. K. (2016). Blockchain Platform for Industrial Internet of Things. Journal of Software Engineering and Applications, Vol.09, No.10, pp. 535.
Baweja, B., Donovan, P., Haefele M., Siddiqi L. & Smiles S. (2016). Extreme Automation and Connectivity: The Global, Regional, and Investment Implications of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, (pp. 30). UBS White Paper for the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2016. UBS
Becker, G.S. (1964). Human Capital: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis with Special Reference to Education. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
Betz, F. (1994). Strategic Technology Management (Ed.), Engineering Technology Series (pp.60-82). McGraw-Hill, Inc.
Blackmon, K.L. (1996). Absorptive Capacity and the Survival of Established Firms in Schumpeterian Environments—the case of the supercomputer industry. Ph.D. dissertation, University of North Carolina.
CGI. (2017, May). Industry 4.0: Making Your Business More Competitive, pp. 4. CGI GROUP INC.
Cole, M. L. (2008, January 12th). The Complete guide Patents, Copyrights, and Trademarks: What You Need to Know Explained Simply, pp. 9-10. Atlantic Publishing Group, Inc.
Crosby, M., Nachiappan, N., Pattanayak, P., Verma, S. & Kalyanaraman, V. (2015). BlockChain Technology: Beyond Bitcoin. Sutardja Center for Entrepreneurship & Technology Technical Report, pp. 3. Berkeley University of California.
DeVries, H. (2014, July 11th). How Robots Will Change the Future of Marketing. Forbes [On-line]. Available: https://www.forbes.com/sites/henrydevries/2014/07/11/how-robots-will-change-the-future-of-marketing/2/#7502fef65d1f
Drejer, A & Riis, J. O. (1999). Competence Development and Technology How Learning and Technology Can be Meaningfully Integrated. Technovation, Vol.19, Issue 10, pp. 632.
Dujin, A., Geißlers C. & Horstkötters D. (2014). INDUSTRY 4.0: The New Industrial Revolution How Europe Will Succeed, pp. 7-9. Roland Berger Strategy Consultants GMBH.
Eggers, W. D. & Macmilan, P. (2015). Gov2020: A Journey into the Future of Government, pp. 22-23. Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited.
Fabian. (2017, January 12th). The Most Important 3D Printing Technologies & Materials You Need to Know. i.materialise [On-line]. Available: https://i.materialise.com/blog/3d-printing-technologies-and-materials/
Felderer, M., Piazolo, F., Ortner, W., Brehm, L. & Hof, H. J. (2016). Innovations in Enterprise Information Systems Management and Engineering, 4th International Conference, ERP Future 2015 – Research Munich, Germany, November 16-17, 2015 Revised Papers (pp.123). Springer.
Furht, B. & Escalante, A. (2010, September 11th). Handbook of Cloud Computing, pp. 23. Springer Science & Business Media.
Goi, C. L. (2009). A Review of Marketing Mix: 4Ps or More?. International Journal of Marketing Studies, Vol. 1, No.1, pp. 2.
Griffith, E. (2016, May 3rd). What is Cloud Computing?. Pcmag [On-line]. Available: https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2372163,00.asp
Hadjimanolis, A. (2000). A Resource-based View of Innovativeness in Small Firms, Technology Analysis & strategic Management, Vol.12, No.2, pp. 264.
Holdowsky, J., Mahto, M., Raynor, M. E. & Cotteleer, M. (2015, August 21th). Inside the Internet of Things (IoT). Deloitte University Press [On-line]. Available: https://dupress.deloitte.com/dup-us-en/focus/internet-of-things/iot-primer-iot-technologies-applications.html
IBM Corporation. (2010). Defining a Framework for Cloud Adoption: How Common Ground Can Help Enterprises Drive Success with Cloud Computing, IBM Global Technology Services: Thought Leadership White Paper (pp.3). IBM Corporation.
Jahan, S. (2015). Human Development Report 2015: Work for Human Development. Chapter 3, pp. 80-81. United Nations Development Programme.
Khalil, T. (2000). Management of Technology: The Key to Competitiveness and Wealth Creation, Computer Science Series (pp.61-303). McGraw-Hill Higher Education.
Kolbjørnsrud, V., Amico, R. & Thomas, R. J. (2016). The Promise of Artificial Intelligence: Redefining management in the workforce of the future, pp. 16. Accenture
Kotler, P. & Keller, K. L. (2012). Marketing Management (14th ed.), pp. 55-276. Pearson Education, Inc.
Lam, A. (2014, August 29th). 3 Reasons Why 3D Printing Will Change Marketing. Marketing-Interactive [On-line]. Available: http://www.marketing-interactive.com/3-reasons-3d-printing-will-change-marketing/
Liu, W., Huang, K., Zhou, X. Y. & Durrani, S. (2017, January 26th). Backscatter Communications for Internet-of-Things: Theory and Applications. CoRR abs/1701.07588, pp. 1.
MachineShop. How to Effectively Manage the Internet of Things. Itbusinessedge [On-line]. Available: http://www.itbusinessedge.com/slideshows/how-to-effectively-manage-the-internet-of-things.html
Naveh, T. (2017, February 8th). Introducing AI to marketing in 5 steps. AdvertisingAge [On-line]. Available: http://adage.com/article/digitalnext/introducing-ai-marketing-5-steps/307793/
Nilsson, N. J. (2010). The Quest for Artificial Intelligence: A History of Ideas and Achievements, pp. xii. Cambridge University Press.
Rogers, C. (2017, April 5th). Why Marketers Need to Get to Grips with Blockchain. Marketingweek [On-line]. Available: https://www.marketingweek.com/2017/04/05/marketers-need-know-blockchain/
Marinescu, D. (2013, October). Cloud Computing: Manage Your Resources. Microsoft [On-line]. Available: https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn456533.aspx
Marketo. (2015). The Marketing Power of the Internet of Things. Marketo [On-line]. Available: https://uk.marketo.com/infographics/the-marketing-power-of-the-internet-of-things/
Philpott, D. (2016, August 15th).The Fourth Industrial Revolution and Its Impact on Technical Recruitment. Redlinegroup [On-line]. Available: https://www.redlinegroup.com/news/the-fourth-industrial-revolution-and-its-impact-on-technical-recruitment-62495835189
Press, G. (2016, March 14th). Top 10 Hot Big Data Technologies. Forbes [On-line]. Available: https://www.forbes.com/sites/gilpress/2016/03/14/top-10-hot-big-data-technologies/#441cfa8565d7
Press, G. (2017, January 23rd). Top 10 Hot Artificial Intelligence (AI) Technologies. Forbes [On-line]. Available: https://www.forbes.com/sites/gilpress/2017/01/23/top-10-hot-artificial-intelligence-ai-technologies/#4041d4d01928
Pwc. (2016). Blockchain in asset management. PCW [On-line]. Available: https://www.pwc.co.uk/financial-services/fintech/assets/blockchain-in-asset-management.pdf
Russom, P. (2013). Managing Big Data. TDWI best practices report (pp. 5). TDWI Research.
Schilling, M. A. (2013). Strategic Management of Technological Innovation (4th ed.), pp. 118. McGraw-Hill companies, Inc.
Schlaepfer, R. C. & Koch, M. (2014). Industry 4.0 Challenges and Solutions for the Digital Transformation and Use of Exponential Technologies, pp. 3. Deloitte AG.
Schwab, K. (2016, January 11th). The Fourth Industrial Revolution, pp. 3. World Economic Forum.
Schwab, K. (2016, January 14th). The Fourth Industrial Revolution: What It Means, How to Respond. WORLD ECONOMIC FORUM [On-line]. Available: https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/01/the-fourth-industrial-revolution-what-it-means-and-how-to-respond/
Schwab, K. & Samans, R. (2016). The Future of Jobs: Employment, Skills and Workforce Strategy for the Fourth Industrial Revolution, Global Challenge Insight Report (pp.8-12.). World Economic Forum.
Short, T. (2016, June 24th). How Additive Manufacturing Improves Maintenance Management. Softwareadvice [On-line]. Available: http://www.softwareadvice.com/resources/additive-maintenance-improves-maintenance-management/
Sethi, P. & Sarangi, S. R. (2017). Internet of Things: Architectures, Protocols, and Applications. Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Vol. 2017, pp. 1.
Torvekar, G. (2017, January 23rd). 7 Blockchain Technologies to Watch Out for in 2017. Medium [On-line]. Available: https://medium.com/@gaurangtorvekar/7-blockchain-technologies-to-watch-out-for-in-2017-4b3fc7a85707
Whitehead, M. (2014, August 5th). The Top Four Applications of Big Data in Marketing. Econsultancy [On-line]. Available: https://econsultancy.com/blog/65260-the-top-four-applications-of-big-data-in-marketing/
World Intellectual Property Organization. (2011). What is Intellectual Property?, pp. 2. World Intellectual Property Organization.
Young, J. E. (2015, June 2nd). How to Manage Robots and People Working Together. The Wall Street Journal [On-line]. Available: https://www.wsj.com/articles/how-to-manage-robots-and-people-working-together-1433301051
3Dwergen. (2015). How Marketeers Could Use 3D Printing for Marketing Actions. 3Dwergen [On-line]. Available: http://www.3dwergen.nl/en/marketeers-3d-printen-kunnen-inzetten-marketing-acties/