臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究係利用硫酸浸漬法對淨水污泥進行回收二氧化錳之製備，於批次試驗中以不同反應時間、質量比、濃度高低參數配合，探討出最佳之錳(II)離子之浸出效率。得到 50mL 0.2M H2SO4、5mL 0.8M H2O2、實場污泥3g、反應時間5分鐘、攪拌轉速100 rpm為操作條件達到最佳之錳(II)溶出率。而後對浸漬出之溶液使用NaOH進行pH值之調整至pH 4，可使溶液中鐵(II)完全沉降而濾除，以達到純化錳離子於溶液中，以利從中製備MnO2。
試驗中以KMnO4作為氧化劑，對純化後之溶液使用濃度0.02M KMnO4對55mL之溶液加熱至90℃配合磁石攪拌50rpm進行加藥，結果顯示，於提高操作條件之pH值，並採用分段加藥之加藥策略，可減少KMnO4之消耗量。經氧化後，過濾所得之產物，經X射線繞射分析儀(XRD)分析定性，確認本研究所回收之產物為γ-MnO2，此晶相之MnO2係應用於電容器產業之優秀材料。

Sludge leaching and recovery manganese from drinking water treatment sludge were investigated by using H2SO4 as a leachant. The effects of agitation, H2O2 concentration, H2SO4 concentration, liquid/solid mass ratio, leaching time and reaction temperature on manganese recovery were also studied. The optimal leaching conditions were determined as 0.2M H2SO4 and 0.8 M H2O2 using liquid–solid mass ratio of 16.7(mL/g) for 5 minutes at normal atmospheric temp with agitation rate 100 rpm. Under these conditions, the Mn2+ leaching efficiency can reach to 95%. In this study, NaOH was used to adjust the leach solution pH value to 4.0. It enabled the deposition of Fe ions in solution and formed solids that can be filtered. Therefore, we can separate manganese ions in the solution which was facilitating recovery of MnO2.
For the MnO2 recovery, KMnO4 were used to perform oxidation. To increase the pH value to pH 6 of operating conditions while using two-stage addition. It was found can be reducing the consumption of KMnO4.
The results from X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern indexed to the orthorhombic phase of γ-MnO2 with lattice constants JCPDS 14-644 the recovered product of this study is γ-MnO2. Crystal phase of this outstanding material is high potential to capacitor industry application.

摘要 I
Abstract II
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 VIII
第一章 前言 1
1.1 研究緣起 1
1.2 研究目的 2
第二章 文獻回顧 3
2.1 淨水污泥概況 3
2.1.1國內淨水污泥產量 3
2.1.2 國外淨水污泥產量 4
2.2 淨水污泥處置現況與法規認定 4
2.3 淨水污泥的來源與資源再利用 8
2.4 污泥酸浸漬技術 11
2.5 鐵、錳之特性 12
2.5.1 鐵、錳之水化特性 12
2.5.2 鐵、錳來源 14
2.5.3 鐵、錳氧化動力學 17
2.5.4 鐵、錳氧化物的運用及去除方法 19
2.5.5 鐵、錳氧化生成顆粒種類及性質 23
2.6 氧化劑種類與特性 24
2.7 二氧化錳之特性 26
2.7.1 二氧化錳基本特性 26
2.7.2作用與主要用途 26
2.7.3 不同晶型二氧化錳之特性 28
第三章 實驗方法 29
3.1 實驗架構 29
3.3 實驗藥品與設備 32
3.3.1 實驗藥品 32
3.3.2 實驗設備 33
3.4 污泥特性分析 35
3.4.1 測定錳(IV)含量標準試驗方法 ASTM E465 – 11 35
3.4.2 王水消化法 37
3.5 操作條件對污泥中鐵、錳之最佳硫酸浸出率之影響 39
3.6 純化浸漬溶液之實驗方法 41
3.7 以高錳酸鉀對浸漬溶液進行合成二氧化錳 42
3.8 鐵、錳氧化物之探討 42
第四章 結果與討論 43
4.1 實場污泥之分析 44
4.1.1 組成成份分析-EDS 44
4.1.2 王水消化對污泥成份之定量 44
4.1.3 實場污泥中二氧化錳含量分析 ASTM E465 – 11 46
4.2 硫酸浸漬法對實場污泥錳、鐵離子之溶出效率 47
4.2.1 硫酸濃度對鐵、錳離子溶出含量之影響 47
4.2.2 過氧化氫濃度對鐵、錳離子溶出含量之影響 48
4.2.3 硫酸溶液與試驗污泥質量比之影響 50
4.2.4 反應時間對鐵、錳離子溶出含量之影響 52
4.2.5 溫度對鐵、錳離子溶出含量之影響 52
4.2.6 轉速對鐵、錳離子溶出含量之影響 54
4.2.7 小結 54
4.3 氫氧化鈉對鐵、錳離子沉降之影響 55
4.4 以KMnO4製備MnO2 58
4.4.1 不同操作條件對KMnO4加藥量之影響 58
4.5氧化產物之定性分析 60
4.5.1 X-射線繞射分析儀(XRD) 60
第五章 結論與建議 62
5.1 結論 62
5.2 建議 63
參考文獻 64

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